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SPECIAL MENTION: Developed by Austin, Texas-based ICON, the Vulcan system can 3D print 2,000-square-foot homes and other dwellings out of a cement-based material known as Lavacrete in as little as four days. The company has built more than two dozen homes so far—including a simulated Mars dwelling at NASA’s Johnson Space Center in Houston. Such tech could eventually be deployed on the Red Planet for real. —Jeffrey Kluger
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