How Climate Change Is Making Wildfires Worse

Increasingly hot and dry climates, the result of global climate change, have led to a worsening of wildfires around the world, according to new research. In turn, wildfires are aggravating climate change by killing trees that could absorb carbon in the atmosphere.

The study, published in the journal Nature Communications, finds that fire season has gotten longer for more than quarter of the Earth’s vegetated surface from 1979 to 2013. Overall, across the globe, fire weather season increased by nearly 19%. The trend occurred on all continents where wildfires occur except Australia.

“Wildfires occur at the intersection of dry weather, available fuel and ignition sources,” the study authors write. “Weather is the most variable and largest driver of regional burned area.”

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South America has faced one of the most dramatic increases in wildfire numbers and intensity, according to the study. Forests in the region have seen their fire season increase by an average of 33 days. Fires threaten to worsen the deforestation that has already destroyed much of the region’s forest land.

And if the loss of forests wasn’t bad enough, worsening wildfires caused by climate change create a feedback loop, the authors note. Forest fires decrease the number of trees that can absorb the carbon that causes climate change in the first place. “When average fire weather seasons are longer-than-normal or when long seasons impacted more global burnable area, net global terrestrial carbon uptake is reduced,” the authors write.

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