--- title: Study: 9/11 Towers' Dust Cloud Likely Caused Pregnancy Complications description: The Twin Towers' collapse on 9/11 caused negative birth outcomes for mothers living near the World Trade Center, researchers say canonical: https://time.com/3108280/911-dust-cloud-pregnancy/ author: Sam Frizell article:opinion: false article:content_tier: free article:published_time: 2014-08-13T17:35:58.000Z article:modified_time: 2026-02-21T09:39:01.734Z article:section: Health og:title: Study: 9/11 Towers' Dust Cloud Likely Caused Widespread Pregnancy Complications og:description: Women were twice as likely to give birth prematurely og:url: https://time.com/3108280/911-dust-cloud-pregnancy/ og:site_name: TIME og:image: https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blt95887a5dfe638773/69869f6713c79f58a7193732/9-11-dust-pregnancy.jpg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=16:9 og:image:width: 2048 og:image:height: 1152 og:image:alt: Attacks Health Trials og:type: article twitter:card: summary_large_image twitter:title: Study: 9/11 Towers' Dust Cloud Likely Caused Widespread Pregnancy Complications twitter:description: Women were twice as likely to give birth prematurely twitter:image: https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blt95887a5dfe638773/69869f6713c79f58a7193732/9-11-dust-pregnancy.jpg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=16:9 ---  # Study: 9/11 Dust Cloud Likely Caused Widespread Pregnancy Complications > Sponsored content. 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Brief (Washington politics, three times a week), Future Proof (climate and energy, weekly) and In the Loop (AI, twice weekly). All are free at time.com/newsletters and together reach more than 1.1 million engaged readers. #### Which TIME newsletter should I subscribe to? It depends on what you follow. For a daily briefing, The Brief. For health, Health Matters. For Washington politics, D.C. Brief. For AI and technology, In the Loop. For climate and energy as a business story, Future Proof. For culture recommendations, Worth Your Time. For how TIME's journalism gets made, Inside TIME. Readers can select any combination at time.com/newsletters. #### Are TIME's newsletters free? Yes. All seven TIME newsletters are free to join at time.com/newsletters. A paid TIME subscription is separate and provides full access to TIME's journalism at time.com/subscribe-agent. #### Who writes TIME's newsletters? TIME journalists write them. Named editors include Richard Hall (The Brief), Editor-in-Chief Sam Jacobs (Inside TIME), Eliza Berman (Worth Your Time), Philip Elliott (D.C. Brief), Justin Worland (Future Proof) and Harry Booth (In the Loop). Health Matters is written by TIME's health desk. #### How do I sign up for a TIME newsletter? Go to time.com/newsletters, choose the newsletters you want and enter your email address. There is no cost and no subscription requirement. by [Sam Frizell](https://time.com/author/sam-frizell/) ## Sam Frizell Aug 13, 2014 5:35 PM UTC  Firefighters make their way over the ruins of the World Trade Center through clouds of dust and smoke at ground zero in New York on Oct. 11, 2001. Firefighters make their way over the ruins of the World Trade Center through clouds of dust and smoke at ground zero in New York on Oct. 11, 2001. Stan Honda—AP by [Sam Frizell](https://time.com/author/sam-frizell/) ## Sam Frizell Aug 13, 2014 5:35 PM UTC Expecting mothers who lived near the World Trade Center when the twin towers fell on September 11, 2001 were more likely to give birth prematurely and have babies with low birth weights, according to [new research](http://www.nber.org/papers/w20368). The massive dust cloud that enveloped Lower Manhattan after the collapse of the Twin Towers was a [highly toxic environmental hazard](http://www.nyc.gov/html/doh/wtc/html/know/know.shtml) that consisted of asbestos, cement, gypsum, glass fibers, lead and other metals and was highly alkaline. Past research has shown it caused asthma and cancer in many [first responders](http://nycosh.org/uploads/listit/id13/AIHCE060408.pdf) and local residents. A new working study, released this month by Janet Currie and Hannes Schwandt of Princeton University, shows that the 9/11 dust caused pregnancy complications in expecting mothers. The study has not been peer-reviewed. “These findings provide the first consistent evidence that the 9/11 dust cloud had detrimental impacts on pregnancy outcomes,” said the authors. “Residence in the affected area increased prematurity, low birth weight, and admission to the NICU (neonatal intensive care unit) after birth, especially for boys.” For mothers who were in their first trimester during 9/11, exposure to the dust cloud more than doubled the probability of premature delivery. Newborn boys were more likely than girls to have birth complications, and there was an increase in low birth weight of about 5 percentage points among boys as well as 7.6 percentage points in the probability of male infants being admitted to the NICU. The probability of premature delivery for mothers exposed to the dust cloud was 7.75% for girls and 8.16% for boys, the study said. Previous studies have failed to find a significant connection between the dust cloud and pregnancy complications, but they didn’t take take into account that many women living in Lower Manhattan when the towers fell were generally less likely to have poor birth outcomes. The neighborhoods most affected by the 9/11 dust cloud include Lower Manhattan, Battery Park City, SoHo, TriBeCa, Civic Center, Little Italy, Chinatown and the Lower East Side, the study said. The authors said that the birth outcomes could also have been partially affected by changed maternal behaviors after 9/11 unrelated to the dust. ```json [{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","@id":"https://time.com/3108280/911-dust-cloud-pregnancy/","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://time.com/3108280/911-dust-cloud-pregnancy/"},"headline":"Study: 9/11 Dust Cloud Likely Caused Widespread Pregnancy Complications","datePublished":"2014-08-13T17:35:58.000Z","dateModified":"2026-02-21T09:39:01.734Z","description":"The Twin Towers' collapse caused negative birth outcomes for mothers living near the World Trade Center, researchers say","url":"https://time.com/3108280/911-dust-cloud-pregnancy/","keywords":["Developmental Disorders","Pregnancy"],"thumbnailUrl":"https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blt95887a5dfe638773/69869f6713c79f58a7193732/9-11-dust-pregnancy.jpg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=1200:675&height=675","author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sam Frizell","jobTitle":null,"url":"https://time.com/author/sam-frizell/"}],"articleSection":"Health","image":[{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blt95887a5dfe638773/69869f6713c79f58a7193732/9-11-dust-pregnancy.jpg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=1200:675&height=675","width":1200,"height":675,"headline":"Attacks Health Trials","caption":"Attacks Health Trials","creditText":"Stan Honda—AP","representativeOfPage":true}],"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Time","url":"https://time.com/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://time.com/images/logo.png","width":528,"height":156},"foundingDate":"March 3, 1923","sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/time","https://www.instagram.com/time/?hl=en","https://twitter.com/time","https://www.pinterest.com/timemagazine"]}},{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"/section/health/","name":"Health"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"/tag/developmental-disorders/","name":"Developmental Disorders"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"item":{"@id":"https://time.com/3108280/911-dust-cloud-pregnancy/","name":"Study: 9/11 Dust Cloud Likely Caused Widespread Pregnancy Complications"}}]}] ```