Second Opinions

It was a dizzying year in health. just when we figured we had a grip on what was good for us and what wasn’t, a new book or research study came along to tell us we were wrong. Here’s a rundown of what we thought we knew, and what we know now. We think. –By Janice M. Horowitz

Hormone Replacement

WHAT WE THOUGHT Hormone-replacement therapy not only relieves hot flashes and irritability but also protects the heart.

DON’T BET ON IT A study found that hormones increase the risk of heart attack, stroke and blood clots.

WHAT TO DO For some, HRT may be worth the risk. Best bet for women 50-plus: exercise and stay slim.

Babies After 35

WHAT WE THOUGHT Women can have it all–career and children–by postponing babies.

DON’T BET ON IT A book by Sylvia Ann Hewlett doubts it, and new research says a woman’s chances of conceiving start to slip at age 27.

WHAT TO DO Most women can still conceive into their early 30s, but it may take longer. After 40, having a baby is much harder.

Knee Surgery

WHAT WE THOUGHT Arthroscopic surgery, a minimally invasive procedure, relieves pain from arthritis of the knee.

DON’T BET ON IT Doctors discovered that the operation is no more effective than sham surgery.

WHAT TO DO Lose weight and your knees will thank you. Last resort: a total knee replacement.

High-Protein Diets

WHAT WE THOUGHT Meat, butter and other fat-drenched foods will make you put on pounds.

DON’T BET ON IT New evidence bolsters the long-embattled high-fat, high-protein Atkins diet.

WHAT TO DO Too much fat and protein can contribute to stroke and heart disease. Most nutritionists say to reduce calories instead.