Arab American Voters Face Tough Choice: Harris, Trump, or Neither

DEARBORN, Mich. — Bowls of labneh and platters of za’atar bread covered the tables in a Lebanese restaurant near Detroit, yet no one seemed to have much of an appetite.

On one side were Kamala Harris’ top emissaries to the Arab American community. On the other were local leaders who were explaining—once again—why many in the community couldn’t vote for the vice president because of the war in Gaza.

“I love this country, but I’ll tell you, we have never been so disappointed in this country as we are now,” said Nabih H. Ayad, chairman of the Arab American Civil Rights League. “We wanted to give the Democratic Party the opportunity to do something, and they haven’t.”

“The one line we can’t cross,” Ayad said, “is genocide.”

Read More: How U.S. Policy on Gaza Could Change Under Kamala Harris—or Donald Trump

Nasrina Bargzie and Brenda Abdelal, who were hired by Harris’ campaign to spearhead Arab and Muslim outreach, listened intently but said little in response.

If Harris loses Michigan and the presidential election next week, it’s conversations like this one that could explain why. The Detroit area has the country’s largest concentration of Arab Americans, and Democrats fear that Harris will pay a steep political price for U.S. support for Israel, which rejects allegations that its military operations in Gaza constitute a genocide.

Community members who normally back Democrats said they face an impossible decision. Either they punish Harris for what they view as complicity in the deaths of at least 43,000 Palestinians, according to Gaza’s Health Ministry, or they endure Donald Trump’s return to the White House, which they fear would revive discrimination toward their community.

A reminder of the situation’s complexity came in Ann Arbor on Monday night, when Harris held a campaign rally. Assad Turfe, one of the few Arab American elected officials in Michigan to endorse the vice president, said his community needs someone “who sees us, who understands us and who will give voice to our pain,” adding that “without a doubt that Kamala Harris is that leader.”

But as Harris began her remarks, pro-Palestinian protesters interrupted by chanting, “Israel bombs, Kamala pays, how many kids have you killed today?” Harris responded, “hey guys, I hear you” and “we all want this war to end as soon as possible.”

It’s unclear how many skeptics Harris will be able to win over, especially since she has not proposed any concrete changes on U.S. policy toward Israel or the war in Gaza. Four years ago, Joe Biden won by a 3-to-1 margin in Dearborn, where nearly half of the 110,000 residents are of Arab descent. Now Democrats are concerned some of these voters will go to Trump or third-party candidates like Jill Stein.

“They’re split. There are those who will vote for Harris, recognizing that they could get a seat at the table,” said U.S. Rep. Ro Khanna, D-Calif., who convened the recent meeting at the Lebanese restaurant in his efforts to help the Harris campaign. “But there’s a chunk that will vote for Stein or stay at home. Then there’s a minority who will vote for Trump.”

Trump has secured a number of endorsements from Muslims in the area, including from two Democratic mayors who represent Muslim-majority cities outside Detroit. He brought several Muslims on stage at a rally in metro Detroit on Saturday.

He argues he will put “a stop to the endless wars” and notes the Abraham Accords that Israel signed with several Arab nations during his presidency. He has also mocked Harris’ embrace of former Rep. Liz Cheney, a conservative Republican whose father, former Vice President Dick Cheney, was a key force behind the U.S. invasion of Iraq. Harris is campaigning with Liz Cheney to try to pull away moderate Republicans turned off by Trump in Michigan and elsewhere.

But many top Arab American leaders—even those who have not endorsed Harris—are still deeply negative toward Trump and say his endorsements don’t reflect a majority of the community. They also remember his call for a “total and complete shutdown” on Muslims entering the country and his travel restrictions on visitors from Muslim-majority countries. And some point out that Trump has suggested that he would give Israel even more leeway to attack its rivals in the region.

Turfe, a Lebanese American and the deputy executive of Wayne County, is among the few Arab American leaders in Michigan to have endorsed Harris. He says it’s to ensure the community doesn’t return to a Trump presidency that “opened up old wounds for the generation that lived through those post 9/11 years.”

Turfe said he was jolted awake by immigration agents in 2005 when they came to detain his wife, who had come to the country when she was 2 years old and was unaware that she didn’t have legal citizenship.

“They came for her and they ripped my family apart,” he said.

Then in 2006, Turfe’s two grandmothers were killed in Lebanon as Israel fought with Hezbollah in a war backed by President George W. Bush.

Turfe said his community was primarily Republican until those years. But members moved toward the Democrats during Barack Obama’s presidency and then helped Biden beat Trump in 2020.

Those political bonds are now ruptured.

Hamas attacked Israel on Oct. 7, 2023, killing 1,200 Israelis and kidnapping more than 200 hostages. Israel launched its offensive shortly afterward with military and diplomatic support from Biden’s administration.

As civilian casualties mounted in Gaza, anti-war Democrats in Michigan and elsewhere launched a protest vote movement in the Democratic primary. They garnered over 100,000 “uncommitted” votes, with the majority coming from the state’s Muslim-majority cities like Dearborn.

Turfe was part of the “uncommitted” movement while Biden was running for reelection, but he said he changed his mind when Harris became the nominee. He endorsed her in August and met her before a rally near Detroit in October.

He said he told Harris about his grandmothers’ deaths nearly two decades ago, and “I felt her empathy.”

“She felt my pain,” Turfe said.

Turfe’s endorsement has sparked a backlash. On social media, photoshopped images accuse him of endorsing atrocities in Gaza. He’s also received text messages labeling him a traitor. Longstanding relationships in his hometown of Dearborn have become strained.

Dearborn resident Suehaila Amen is accustomed to having her community in the national spotlight, having starred in the 2012 TLC reality series “All-American Muslim.” A lifelong Democrat, Amen said she won’t be voting for Harris.

“They want to send their people to come and scope and see how we’re feeling because now they’re scared that they’re going to be losing a swing state,” said Amen, who lived in Lebanon from 2017 to 2021. “But, you know, if she loses, it’s by her own doing, by her own hand, and she’ll deserve it.”

Amen said she doesn’t want Trump to win but “I have to, at the end of the day, sleep at night.”

Harris made a rare reference to Israel’s fight against Hamas and Hezbollah during a recent speech in Oakland County, outside of Detroit.

“This year has been very difficult, given the scale of death and destruction in Gaza and given the civilian casualties and displacement in Lebanon,” she said. The death of Hamas leader Yahya Sinwar, she said, “can and must be a turning point.”

Harris also said she is “very proud to have the support” of Turfe and other Muslim leaders.

But Harris has not called for any reduction in the flow of U.S. weapons to Israel, and her campaign did not allow a pro-Palestinian speaker to take the stage at August’s Democratic National Convention, a key demand of the “uncommitted” movement.

Khanna, a progressive Democrat from California, has stayed in close contact with Arab American leaders in metro Detroit for months and received the “Profile in Courage” award from the Arab American Civil Rights League this summer. Khanna is Hindu but said his family’s background has given him shared experiences with Arab Americans.

During the Oct. 26 meeting with Arab American leaders, Khanna sat next to Harris’ Arab and Muslim outreach directors while acknowledging that “not enough” has been done by Harris to help end the Israel-Hamas war.

“If Trump is elected, people like me won’t be in any of the rooms,” Khanna said. “Harris gives people like us a seat at the table to advocate for you."

It’s the kind of message that resonates with Mike Musheinesh, a Palestinian American who runs his own auto parts store and attended the meeting. He said the community should vote for Harris “even if we have to hold our nose.”

“If we want a seat at the table, we need to help her over the finish line,” he said.

—Associated Press writer Chris Megerian in Washington contributed to this report.