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title: We Must Protect Kids from COVID-19. Here's How
description: Kids under 12 can't yet get COVID-19 vaccines, but there many things we can do to protect from the Delta variant surge.
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author: TIME
article:opinion: true
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article:published_time: 2021-08-17T18:45:30.000Z
article:modified_time: 2026-10-14T09:14:19.864Z
article:section: Ideas
og:title: Kids Can't Get COVID-19 Vaccines Yet. But We Do Have Ways to Protect Them
og:description: Kids under 12 can't yet get COVID-19 vaccines, but there are many things we can do to protect them from the Delta variant surge.
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twitter:title: Kids Can't Get COVID-19 Vaccines Yet. But We Do Have Ways to Protect Them
twitter:description: Kids under 12 can't yet get COVID-19 vaccines, but there are many things we can do to protect them from the Delta variant surge.
twitter:image: https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/bltb75cc74bd61eb495/698a1c0a656a3f0b5abdb896/children-coronavirus-delta-variant-1.jpg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=16:9
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![](https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/bltb75cc74bd61eb495/698a1c0a656a3f0b5abdb896/children-coronavirus-delta-variant-1.jpg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=16:9)


# Kids Can't Get COVID-19 Vaccines Yet. But We Do Have Ways to Protect Them

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<!-- video src="https://cdn.jwplayer.com/manifests/0rv0kxon.m3u8" -->
## Video: What Kids Learned From the COVID-19 Pandemic

[Watch (HLS stream): What Kids Learned From the COVID-19 Pandemic](https://cdn.jwplayer.com/manifests/0rv0kxon.m3u8) (5:48)

![What Kids Learned From the COVID-19 Pandemic](https://cdn.jwplayer.com/v2/media/0rv0kxon/poster.jpg?width=720)

_Published 2021-06-09. Too many young generations have been shaped by the global crises they faced—Depression-era poverty, Cold War nuclear fears. Add to them the COVID generation._


by [Lael M. Yonker](https://time.com/author/lael-m-yonker/) and [Anthony J. Fischer](https://time.com/author/anthony-j-fischer/)

Aug 17, 2021 6:45 PM UTC

by [Lael M. Yonker](https://time.com/author/lael-m-yonker/) and [Anthony J. Fischer](https://time.com/author/anthony-j-fischer/)

Aug 17, 2021 6:45 PM UTC

The COVID-19 pandemic is now defined by its impact on two groups of people: the vaccinated and the unvaccinated. Lest we forget, all children under 12 years of age fall into the latter category. As pediatric pulmonologists, we care for children with chronic respiratory conditions whose lives are threatened by COVID-19, as well as previously healthy children who have suffered from COVID-19 infections.

As of the most recent data, some [4.3 million children](https://services.aap.org/en/pages/2019-novel-coronavirus-covid-19-infections/children-and-covid-19-state-level-data-report/) have tested positive for COVID-19\. This number is likely an underestimate, as some children can become infected but show no or only milder symptoms and may not get tested. But, despite some claims to the contrary, not all children cope so well with infection. In the U.S., well over [17,000 children](https://downloads.aap.org/AAP/PDF/AAP%20and%20CHA%20-%20Children%20and%20COVID-19%20State%20Data%20Report%208.5%20FINAL.pdf) have been hospitalized with COVID-19, [thousands](https://www.cdc.gov/mis/cases/index.html) have developed a severe, life-threatening post-COVID-19 illness that impacts the heart, and [hundreds have died](https://downloads.aap.org/AAP/PDF/AAP%20and%20CHA%20-%20Children%20and%20COVID-19%20State%20Data%20Report%208.5%20FINAL.pdf) from this now vaccine-preventable disease. As the highly transmissible SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant triggers a steep incline in COVID-19 infections across the U.S., [pediatric cases, too, are rising dramatically](https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#demographicsovertime). We must protect our children.


## **Vaccinations save lives, but our children cannot get them**

The COVID-19 vaccines have dramatically changed the course of disease for people who are fully vaccinated. All of the authorized vaccines were, indeed, designed to prevent severe COVID-19 disease—and thus reduce[ hospitalizations](https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/70/wr/mm7032e3.htm). At this point in the pandemic, those who require intensive care from COVID-19 complications [are the unvaccinated](https://abcnews.go.com/US/vast-majority-icu-patients-covid-19-unvaccinated-abc/story?id=79128401).

However, not all Americans have access to these life-saving vaccines. In particular, access for children under the age of 12 has been delayed for [several reasons.](https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2021/08/covid-vaccination-timeline-children/619729/) First, as is typical for new drug and vaccine development, children were not enrolled in early vaccine trials. Second, ongoing vaccine trials for children were not as widely available for potential volunteers compared to adult studies, and some sites have reported [slow enrollment](https://www.upr.org/post/utah-vaccine-trials-children-under-12-need-more-volunteers#stream/0). Finally, COVID-19 vaccines have faced [extensive scrutiny](https://downloads.aap.org/DOFA/AAP%20Letter%20to%20FDA%20on%20Timeline%20for%20Authorization%20of%20COVID-19%20Vaccine%20for%20Children%5F08%5F05%5F21.pdf) for rare or delayed side effects—and one of these rare effects is [vaccine myocarditis](https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/safety/myocarditis.html?s%5Fcid=11374:myocarditis%20covid%20vaccine:sem.ga:p:RG:GM:gen:PTN:FY21), or inflammation in the heart tissue, which has been reported in adolescents and young adults.


Along with all pediatricians, we eagerly await clinical trial results showing that COVID-19 vaccines can be given to our younger patients safely and with efficacy. But time is short. With the rising wave of COVID-19 driven by the Delta variant, widespread [relaxing of safety precautions](https://delphi.cmu.edu/covidcast/indicator/?sensor=fb-survey-smoothed%5Fwwearing%5Fmask%5F7d&date=20210806), and the start of a new school year, unvaccinated children are not only increasingly at risk of infection and its complications but they are also more likely to spread the virus unknowingly, putting others at risk who might have a higher likelihood of developing severe disease.—While safety data are essential, especially for interventions involving children, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention emphasizes that the [risk of adolescents developing severe COVID-19 illness outweighs the risk of developing vaccine-related myocarditis](https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/70/wr/mm7027e2.htm), which is rare and usually resolves without the need for treatment. Because of the sharp increase in COVID-19 cases as children return to schools and after-school activities, the risks of COVID-19 infections for children, especially those living with chronic lung diseases, likely exceed the potential risks of the vaccine. We urge the FDA to act immediately to protect children from the looming threat of COVID-19.

![Students walk to the school cafeteria for lunch at Wilder Elementary School in Louisville, Ky. on Aug. 11.](https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blte9ddc071e5f3e426/698a1c09b3fce373920c8363/children-coronavirus-delta-variant-2.jpg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp)

Students walk to the school cafeteria for lunch at Wilder Elementary School in Louisville, Ky. on Aug. 11. Amira Karaoud—Reuters

In the meanwhile, there are other actions we can take to protect our kids. Children under 12 are not yet eligible for vaccines—but their parents, grandparents, aunts, uncles, older siblings, teachers, and coaches are. The risk of severe COVID-19 for these older groups is higher, and if they become infected, they can transmit the virus to children under 12\. There is no reason for those eligible to delay vaccination, particularly with rising numbers of positive COVID-19 tests throughout the country. Vaccines save lives. We implore parents and caretakers to get vaccinated themselves to protect vulnerable children from infection.


## **Masks are a must**

As summer ends and schools reopen, many children will be restarting in-class learning—at facilities where mask usage is limited. In fact, several states have enacted laws that block mask requirements for schools, despite [most parents preferring a mask requirement](https://www.kff.org/coronavirus-covid-19/poll-finding/kff-covid-19-vaccine-monitor-parents-and-the-pandemic/). Mask use is a [simple and effective safety measure](https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/science/science-briefs/masking-science-sars-cov2.html) for preventing the spread this airborne illness. In schools that required masks during the previous academic year, viral transmission was minimal. The American Academy of Pediatrics, the most highly respected organization of pediatricians world-wide, [recommends universal masking in schools](https://www.aappublications.org/news/2021/07/18/schools-071821) to protect our children. States that enact policies that effectively decrease mask usage will put their children at higher risk of contracting COVID-19.

Reports suggesting that masks are harmful or result in toxic levels of inhaled carbon dioxide are false—in fact, a recent publication claiming harm from masks has [been retracted](https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/2782288). On the contrary, extensive research has shown that face masks are [safe and do not affect carbon dioxide levels at rest or with exercise](https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/science/science-briefs/masking-science-sars-cov2.html)—not just for SARS-CoV-2 but for the [flu and other respiratory viruses](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-020-0843-2).


## **New SARS-CoV-2 variants will keep the COVID-19 pandemic unpredictable** 

As the COVID-19 virus replicates, its genetic makeup changes and mutates; this is a common trick of infectious pathogens. Mutations that are more contagious have a selective advantage that allows some strains of the virus to dominate. This is what we’ve seen with the [Delta variant](https://time.com/6073345/delta-variant-covid-19/), now the predominant SARS-CoV-2 strain in the U.S., and in many other parts of the world. [It is more contagious](https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/variants/delta-variant.html), and more people—including children—are now getting sick as this virus spreads more quickly than prior variants. We are in a sharp uptick of the Delta surge. New variants have the potential to challenge vaccine, monoclonal antibody, or anti-viral efficacy. The best way to prevent new, potentially more contagious or lethal variants is to contain the current virus; this can be done with higher rates of vaccination and wide-spread efforts to reduce transmission, including among children.


## **Safety measures for children are needed now more than ever**

Now is the time to take safety measures, vaccinate yourself if you are eligible, vaccinate your children as soon as allowed, wear your mask, and help your children wear their masks when you are in public. We’ve seen children who’ve lost parents to COVID-19; we’ve seen children who require ventilators and other advanced life support due to COVID infections; we’ve all seen the schools shut down, the mental health crisis, and how our children struggle when COVID-19 cases soar. Too many children have been harmed by COVID-19, a disease that is now nearly preventable. We all must take precautions, vaccinate, and encourage others to take these same measures by “normalizing” them. We must protect our children.


## Transcript

I never imagined that, at the age of 12, I would be a witness to something so unusual, something that would become history. I was pretty sure that it was just like any other virus outbreak we’ve experienced. I thought that it would soon be over. COVID-19 didn’t seem that real back then. So when the first major wave of COVID cases hit in the United States, our way of life as we knew it was being upended. This was a type of uncertainty that I’d never felt before. I mean, I didn’t have any school, sports or friends to play with. School was cancelled. Then it went virtual. No yearbook signings, no end of year celebrations, nothing.

Loneliness, boredom and isolation made me feel pretty gloomy. For over a year, children around the world have adapted to life in a pandemic, navigating new ways of socializing and going to school. I’m wondering when we’re going to start having school without masks because I’m starting to not get used to it. While children as a whole were generally spared from COVID-19’s viral impact, many still suffered from feelings of fear, isolation and loss. It makes me think about what if I make a mistake of taking my mask off accidentally. And it was scary for me because I have reactive airway disease. Due to my condition, my exposure to people outside my family was limited.

Before the pandemic, my family visited my aunt in a memory care facility every week. Then she caught COVID-19. Watching her decline was horrible. She passed away on New Year’s Eve, and our family had to hold her funeral virtually. And in rare instances, some children struggled through severe symptoms and hospitalization. It was really bad for me because I was really weak. I could barely get out of bed for around two weeks. I was really sensitive to the light. I had stomach aches and headaches. The headaches have actually persisted up until now. I was also hospitalized and intubated in a ventilator because of a new, rare disease called PMIS, which developed after contracting COVID-19.

TIME spoke with child trauma experts about the pandemic’s potential lasting impact on children’s mental and emotional well being. I think that we have reason to suspect that there’s going to be a very big emotional, psychological impact on kids, and there’s still a lot I think that we’re learning about just how extensive that is. We have some experience with how communities and young people cope with disasters. There are two things that are different about this. One is the enormously protracted nature of this chronic stressor. The second is that we were forced to socially distance, and restrain our social interaction, which is not our typical tendency when we're under stress.

We know for example those children who have experienced deaths of loved ones will be more vulnerable. They're dealing with many more issues, particularly around grief and loss. We know that children that are in BIPOC communities, have always had disparities, and we're seeing that more and mental health is no different. There’s definitely evidence that mental health service use among kids and adolescents has dropped significantly. School based mental health services are one of the main areas where kids and adolescents receive mental health services from and with so many schools having gone remote for, you know, a very big chunk of the past, over a year now, there's no question that a lot of those services have been disrupted and it's made it a lot harder for kids and adolescents to get mental health services.

I think there are curriculums and activities being developed for kids really helping them think flexibly and proactively taking initiative, and understanding how do you cope with these things. You can't control so many aspects of this, but what can you control? We need to really think about how do we infuse strong positive relationships both at home and at school. Because we know from the science that one caring adult, just one, can make a complete difference in the trajectory of a child's life. Experts will need more time to develop a fuller understanding of the pandemic’s lasting psychological impact.

But children are resilient, and they are already drawing their own lessons from their experiences. I think one of the best things to come out of this pandemic was realizing how much enjoyment there really is in the little things. I learned how much we rely on human interaction, especially in person human interaction, looking someone in the eye, being able to give someone a hug. Life is all about facing problems and tackling them with perseverance, and it always applies on a universal and an individual level.

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