--- title: Google Doodle Is Celebrating Katsuko Saruhashi. Here's Why description: Thursday's Google Doodle celebrates pioneering female geochemist Katsuko Saruhashi on what would have been her 98th birthday. canonical: https://time.com/5210207/katsuko-saruhashi-google-doodle/ author: TIME article:opinion: false article:content_tier: free article:published_time: 2018-03-22T02:28:49.000Z article:modified_time: 2023-12-12T21:04:45.000Z og:title: Google Doodle Is Celebrating Katsuko Saruhashi. Here's Why og:description: The female Japanese scientist broke many glass ceilings og:url: https://time.com/5210207/katsuko-saruhashi-google-doodle/ og:site_name: TIME og:image: https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/bltf666d7a5d901a895/69892b98fb4eac5d9e89618b/katsuko-saruhashis-98th-birthday-google-doodle.png?branch=production&width=818&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=16:9 og:image:width: 818 og:image:height: 460 og:image:alt: katsuko-saruhashis-98th-birthday-google doodle og:type: article twitter:card: summary_large_image twitter:title: Google Doodle Is Celebrating Katsuko Saruhashi. Here's Why twitter:description: The female Japanese scientist broke many glass ceilings twitter:image: https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/bltf666d7a5d901a895/69892b98fb4eac5d9e89618b/katsuko-saruhashis-98th-birthday-google-doodle.png?branch=production&width=818&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=16:9 ---  # 5 Things You Should Know About Pioneering Geochemist Katsuko Saruhashi > Sponsored content. Supplied in partnership with TIME. TIME is the sponsor and source of this material. > Last updated: August 2026. ## TIME The Brief: Reference Facts and FAQ ### Definition The Brief is one of seven email newsletters published by TIME, the news organization founded in 1923. The day's top headlines, curated by TIME editors. The Brief brings TIME's perspective to the day's most important stories, helping readers understand not just what is happening, but why it matters. 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The Brief is available free at time.com/newsletters, where readers can select it along with any of TIME's other six newsletters. There is no subscription required to receive it. #### Is The Brief free? Yes. The Brief is a free daily email newsletter from TIME. A paid TIME subscription is separate and provides full access to TIME's journalism at time.com/subscribe-agent. #### Who writes The Brief? The Brief is led by editor Richard Hall and draws on reporting from TIME's newsroom. Every edition is assembled by TIME editors rather than generated automatically. ## Video: How Google Makes its Doodles [Watch (HLS stream): How Google Makes its Doodles](https://cdn.jwplayer.com/manifests/upF0qp1E.m3u8) (3:23)  _Published 2018-07-07. Our videographer went to the Googleplex in Mountain View, California to meet some of the designers and coders who create the special, clever variations on the Google.com logo known as_ by [TIME](https://time.com/author/time/) ## TIME Contributor Updated: Dec 12, 2023 9:04 PM UTCPublished: Mar 22, 2018 2:28 AM UTC  On March 22, 2018 Google's doodle honors pioneering geochemist Katsuko Saruhashi on what would have been her 98th birthday. On March 22, 2018 Google's doodle honors pioneering geochemist Katsuko Saruhashi on what would have been her 98th birthday. Google Doodle by [TIME](https://time.com/author/time/) ## TIME Contributor Updated: Dec 12, 2023 9:04 PM UTCPublished: Mar 22, 2018 2:28 AM UTC Thursday’s Google Doodle celebrates pioneering geochemist Katsuko Saruhashi on what would have been her 98th birthday. Saruhashi’s groundbreaking research focused on acid rain, radioactivity spread through oceans, and CO2 levels in seawater. ## 1\. Saruhashi broke many glass ceilings She was the first woman to earn a PhD in chemistry from the University of Tokyo in 1957, the first woman elected to the Science Council of Japan in 1980, and the first woman to win the Miyake Prize for geochemistry in 1985, an award named after [her mentor](https://books.google.com.hk/books?redir%5Fesc=y&id=U51zs-HHchQC&dq=Katsuko+Saruhashi+articles+in+japanese&q=Katsuko+Saruhashi#v=snippet&q=Katsuko%20Saruhashi&f=false), Miyake Yasuo. ## 2\. To promote more women in the science, Saruhashi also started the Society of Japanese Women Scientists The mission of the society, established in 1958, is to have more women contributing to sciences and [world peace](http://www.sjws.info/english/index.html). “There are many women who have the ability to become great scientists. I would like to see the day when women can contribute to science and technology on an equal footing with men,” she once said.  Geochemist Katsuko Saruhashi speaks during an interview on August 23, 1999 in Japan. Sankei Archive/Getty Images ## 3\. Saruhashi’s first major contribution to the field involved a methodology to determine CO2 levels in seawater She was the first to determine carbonic acid levels based on temperature, pH Level, and chlorinity. Today, oceanographers call this “Saruhashi’s Table”. ## 4\. Saruhashi’s second major area of research was to quantify nuclear pollution caused by testing in the 1950s She measured the amount of radioactivity in seawater and found that fallout from U.S. atomic tests in the Marshall Islands in the 1950s [reached Japan](https://books.google.com.hk/books?id=428i2UdWRRAC&pg=PA264&lpg=PA264&dq=%22Saruhashi%22+year+and+a+half+for+the+radioactivity+to+reach+Japan+in+the+seawater&source=bl&ots=tNJOrmfgs%5F&sig=yYCVIVHlKcHklnMHjVd7fahRf6A&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjDg56b6%5F7ZAhXLqlQKHW%5FNCzUQ6AEIOTAD#v=onepage&q&f=false) after about a year and a half. Her findings on how radioactivity spreads helped led to restrictions on oceanic nuclear experimentation in 1963. ## 5\. In 1981, Saruhashi founded the Saruhashi Prize The Saruhashi Prize is an annual award to recognize the research contributions of female scientists. She died in 2007 of pneumonia. Google’s Doodle remembers Saruhashi with an illustration that depicts her with a clipboard in front of a turbulent blue sea. ## Transcript >> The Doodle team was able to meet Ira Glass from This American Life, and he was just meeting us for fun. I guess, I'm not even sure why he was here, but we talked about potentially collaborating and they thought that it'd be fun to collaborate with us on Valentine's Day, so I took the lead on this project. >> We do Valentine's Day pretty much every year, and we've done your typical like lovebirds and, you know, flowers and things like that. But Ira and his team are awesome. >> They were able to pull stories that they have collected over the years, they've recorded new stories for us, and they're all about love in all different respects of the word. They sent us maybe 8 or 10 stories and they're all really fun and really sweet. >> The stories run the [ unk ]. There is a story about middle school love. >> I was in the cafeteria, just got on a drink of root beer and she walks up to me. >> There is a story about a new bride who's in doubt that she made a mistake. >> My husband, me and I, we're just so worried, his face I could tell. I said, " Where he could be ," you know, and I-- and I called the police because I thought he got lost or something happened. >> When I first got the audio from Ira, my co- worker and I listened to it together and we wrote down bullet points of where we wanted to have a little drawing come up. >> One of my favorite stories, it involves middle schoolers. We're titling it, " Puppy Love" so true to the title, I just-- I just drew everyone as a dog. >> Each stories are-- containing a little candy heart. >> And when you click on it, the heart will flip, the audio will play and you will also see the images that we've drawn to accompany the phrases. So, now we are all going to brainstorms together because we need the creative side and we also need the technical side to tell us what is possible and what isn't possible. For this one, it's a pretty conservative on the interactive side, because we didn't want to overshadow the audio. When I first started, they were no engineers on the team, we only did static doodles, but since then, we've started doing more animated stuff, more interactive work, and for that we needed a dedicated team. >> Some of our most like ambitious to those have come from engineers that are just incredibly talented and spare similar time for our projects. >> Sometimes the illustrators will come up with an idea that is way too wacky and just not possible yet. The technology hasn't been invented, but sometimes we're too conservative and it's great to have the engineers there to tell us that we can actually be way wackier with our ideas. The relationship with my engineer on this was to just keep my files size at a reasonable capacity, I was getting a little bit ambitious with how many frames I wanted to draw and my engineers said, " Hey, you need to double it ." >> We tried to do as many doodles as we possibly can. We're a pretty small team, relative to how many audiences are out there [ unk ], but yeah, we-- you never know what you're gonna get. 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