How Photography Plays a Crucial Role in Presidential Elections

2 minute read

The photograph shows President Barack Obama with his wife, First Lady Michelle Obama, waving during one of the inaugural balls, back in 2009. The picture stands out for the sea of people holding their cellphones and cameras back, all at the ready to take and share images of the presidential couple. Taken by Elliott Erwitt, the photograph is a centerpiece of a new exhibition that explores the role of images in presidential campaigns at the Southampton Arts Center.

“Winning the White House: From Press Prints to Selfies,” organized in partnership with the International Center of Photography and curated by Susan Carlson and Claartje van Dijk, surveys the political visuals landscape from the 1960s onward, from the rise of television to the saturation of social media photographs.

Carlson tells TIME that she and van Dijk were “trying to think through what the evolutions were in the history” of visuals in political coverage. Carlson says each section touches themes from its time period, including the prominence of television (1960-1976); the role of entertainment and show business (1980-88); the rise of cable news (1992-2004); the emergence of internet campaigns (2000s); and the explosion of the social media landscape (present). The curators used this “history trajectory” to guide their research through the work of professional photojournalists, portrait photographers, artists and amateur photography.

The exhibition juxtaposes the carefully crafted self-image put forth by campaigns with the image in media and that created by the public—displaying campaign ephemera, posters, and video materials created for candidates alongside editorial, portrait and amateur images.

Carlson says they also know they wanted “to do something with selfies, since that’s become so much of visual vernacular of campaign photography” with the prominence of smartphone ownership and usage of photography-driven apps like Instagram that result in an incredible volume of instantaneous imagery. “I think ICP’s role is really to try to understand this moment in time in which we’re all using images to communicate,” ICP Executive Director Mark Lubell tells TIME in explaining the selection of this topic for the exhibition. “From ICP’s standpoint, we really are exploring this moment of how visual communication is having a major sort of impact. Not only this presidential election. But as a society as a whole.”

Chelsea Matiash is TIME’s Deputy Multimedia Editor. Follow her on Instagram and Twitter @cmatiash.

Inauguration Ball for President Barack Obama, Washington D.C., Jan., 2009.
Inauguration Ball for President Barack Obama, Washington D.C., Jan., 2009.Elliott Erwitt—Magnum Photos
Clinton, Manchester, New Hampshire, Sept. 5, 2015.
Clinton, Manchester, New Hampshire, Sept. 5, 2015.M. Scott Brauer
Trump, Laconia, New Hampshire, July 16, 2015.
Trump, Laconia, New Hampshire, July 16, 2015.M. Scott Brauer
Hillary Clinton, 1996.
Hillary Clinton, 1996.David Seidner—International Center of Photography/David Seidner Archive
Donald Trump, 2006.
Donald Trump, 2006.Chris Buck
Attendees at the RedState Gathering watch the first 2016 Republican presidential debate,which took place in Cleveland, Ohio. Atlanta, Georgia, Aug. 6, 2016.
Attendees at the RedState Gathering watch the first 2016 Republican presidential debate, which took place in Cleveland, Ohio. Atlanta, Georgia, Aug. 6, 2016.Mark Peterson—Redux Pictures
The CPAC convention in National Harbor Maryland Feb 2015. a repo
The CPAC convention, National Harbor, Maryland, Feb. 2015.Mark Peterson—Redux Pictures
Two-Faced Ticket, Aug. 20, 2008.
Two-Faced Ticket, Aug. 20, 2008.Stephen Crowley—The New York Times
Obama campaigns in a New Orleans school, 2008.
Obama campaigns in a New Orleans school, 2008.David Burnett—Contact Press Images
Larry King, Bill Clinton, and Al Gore preparing for a television interview, 1992.
Larry King, Bill Clinton, and Al Gore preparing for a television interview, 1992.David Burnett—Contact Press Images
“How’s It Look?” Two Minutes to a Confession, Aug. 17, 1998.
“How’s It Look?” Two Minutes to a Confession, Aug. 17, 1998.Stephen Crowley—The New York Times
Michael Dukakis sitting with his daughter, Brookline, Massachusetts, 1976.
Michael Dukakis sitting with his daughter, Brookline, Massachusetts, 1976.Owen Franken
President Ford and Jimmy Carter meet at the Walnut Street Theater in Philadelphiato debate domestic policy during the first of the three Ford-Carter Debates, Sept. 23, 1976.
President Ford and Jimmy Carter meet at the Walnut Street Theater in Philadelphia to debate domestic policy during the first of the three Ford-Carter Debates, Sept. 23, 1976.David Hume Kennerly—Gerald R. Ford Library
Senator Robert F. Kennedy riding with the press on the back of a convertible, Oregon, April or May 1968.
Senator Robert F. Kennedy riding with the press on the back of a convertible, Oregon, April or May 1968.Bill Eppridge—Adrienne Aurichio/The Estate of Bill Eppridge
Senator Robert F. Kennedy at a rally in Sioux City, Iowa, 1966.
Senator Robert F. Kennedy at a rally in Sioux City, Iowa, 1966.Bill Eppridge—Adrienne Aurichio/The Estate of Bill Eppridge
Campaign rally for president Lyndon B. Johnson, 1964.
Campaign rally for president Lyndon B. Johnson, 1964.O.J. Rapp—LBJ Library
President Lyndon B. Johnson campaigning and waving to the crowd; Oct. 1964.
President Lyndon B. Johnson campaigning and waving to the crowd; Oct. 1964.Cecil Stoughton—LBJ Library
John F. Kennedy and his wife, Jackie, campaigning in New York, Oct. 19, 1960.
John F. Kennedy and his wife, Jackie, campaigning in New York, Oct. 19, 1960.Cornell Capa—International Center of Photography/Magnum Photos

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