--- description: The landmark book 'Unsafe at Any Speed' was published 50 years ago on Nov. 30, 1965 title: How 'Unsafe at Any Speed' by Ralph Nader Kept Drivers Safe image: https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blt45d3c23493fb99ba/6988727ff887dcc1a8e93751/1101691212_400.jpg?branch=production&width=828&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=16:9 ---  * [History](/section/history/) ## History Update your preferences in [Account Settings](/account/preferences/) Close # This Book Has Kept American Drivers Safe for 50 Years  by [Lily Rothman](/author/lily-rothman/)  ## Lily Rothman Update your preferences in [Account Settings](/account/preferences/) Close Rothman is managing editor at TIME. Nov 30, 2015 3:30 PM CUT  The Dec. 12, 1969, cover of TIME The Dec. 12, 1969, cover of TIMETIME  by [Lily Rothman](/author/lily-rothman/)  ## Lily Rothman Update your preferences in [Account Settings](/account/preferences/) Close Rothman is managing editor at TIME. Nov 30, 2015 3:30 PM CUT When a young lawyer named Ralph Nader published _Unsafe at Any Speed_ in 1965, the reception was not all warm. The book set out to show how automakers had valued style over safety—particularly in cars like the Chevrolet Corvair—thereby putting consumers at risk. A TIME [essay](http://time.com/vault/issue/1966-04-01/page/34/ "undefined") the following year portrayed Nader as a polemicist who was trying to paint auto accidents as solely the fault of the machines, with no account for driver error, and asserted that the book was “an arresting, though one-sided, lawyer’s brief that accuses Detroit of just about everything except starting the Vietnamese war.” But that was nothing compared to what General Motors did. The occasion for that essay was the company president’s appearance in front of a Senate subcommitee to answer to the accusation that G.M. had secretly hired a private eye, Vincent Gillen, to snoop on Nader. “Gillen sent his agents a frank letter about what they were supposed to try to accomplish,” TIME [reported](http://time.com/vault/issue/1966-04-01/page/87/ "undefined"). “‘Our job,’ he wrote, ‘is to check Nader’s life and current activities, to determine what makes him tick, such as his real interest in safety, his supporters if any, his politics, his marital status, his friends, his women, boys, etc., drinking, dope, jobs, in fact all facets of his life.'” The agents attempted to find nefarious reasons why the 32-year-old remained unmarried, attempted to find proof that his Lebanese immigrant parents were anti-Semites and even attempted to follow him into the Senate Office Building when he was called to testify about traffic safety. “You can feel pretty proud,” Sen. Abraham Ribicoff told Nader. “They have put you through the mill and they haven’t found a damn thing wrong with you.” By the end of that year, President Johnson had signed[ two auto-safety bills ](http://time.com/vault/issue/1966-09-16/page/108/ "undefined")into law and established the National Traffic Safety Agency, despite the auto industry’s outspoken desire to regulate itself. The new laws addressed a wide range of problems from safety codes and vehicle inspection to highway design and driver education. By 1969, Nader was on the cover of TIME, with a story that dubbed him the nation’s “toughest customer”: --- > “” --- Nader, for his part, merely shrugged away the praise. “I should not be given an award,” he said, “for doing what I should be doing.” **_Read the full 1969 cover story about Nader, here in the TIME Vault:_** [The Consumer Revolt](http://time.com/vault/issue/1969-12-12/page/1/ "undefined") ```json [{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","@id":"https://time.com/4124987/50-years-unsafe-at-any-speed/","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://time.com/4124987/50-years-unsafe-at-any-speed/"},"headline":"This Book Has Kept American Drivers Safe for 50 Years","datePublished":"2015-11-30T15:30:26.000Z","dateModified":"2026-02-22T12:51:38.018Z","description":"'Unsafe at Any Speed' was published 50 years ago on Nov. 30, 1965","url":"https://time.com/4124987/50-years-unsafe-at-any-speed/","keywords":["Transportation","Government","Regulation","Consumer Protection"],"thumbnailUrl":"https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blt45d3c23493fb99ba/6988727ff887dcc1a8e93751/1101691212_400.jpg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=1200:675&height=675","author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lily Rothman","jobTitle":"Rothman is managing editor at TIME.","url":"https://time.com/author/lily-rothman/"}],"articleSection":"History","image":[{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blt45d3c23493fb99ba/6988727ff887dcc1a8e93751/1101691212_400.jpg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=1200:675&height=675","width":1200,"height":675,"headline":"Dec. 12, 1969","caption":"Dec. 12, 1969","creditText":"TIME","representativeOfPage":true}],"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Time","url":"https://time.com/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://time.com/images/logo.png","width":528,"height":156},"foundingDate":"March 3, 1923","sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/time","https://www.instagram.com/time/?hl=en","https://twitter.com/time","https://www.pinterest.com/timemagazine"]}},{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"/section/history/","name":"History"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https://time.com/4124987/50-years-unsafe-at-any-speed/","name":"This Book Has Kept American Drivers Safe for 50 Years"}}]}] ```