These 8 Household Items Have Tons of Germs

Turns out, bacteria tends to linger on some of the most frequently used household items. Here, a list of germ-laden places—and how to tackle those trouble spots.

Kitchen Sponge/Dish Rag

You’ve heard this before, and yet the item used to “clean” dishes and countertops is still the filthiest thing in most homes, says Reynolds. Residential sponges and cloths routinely test positive for illness-causing bacteria, such as Salmonella, E. coli, and Staphylococcus, as well as the influenza virus; the damp material is also a breeding ground for mold. With every swipe, you could be spreading that gunk all over the place. No wonder the FDA has banned sponges—which tend to be more hazardous than quicker-drying rags—from commercial kitchens.

Clean up: After each use, rinse the sponge or cloth in hot water, wring it out, and let it dry in a ventilated soap dish or spread out over a towel bar. At the end of the day, and after every raw-meat encounter, sterilize a wet sponge by popping it in the microwave for one minute (emphasis on “wet”—a dry sponge could catch fire); toss rags in the laundry. Clean countertops daily with a disinfecting spray and switch to a new sponge every couple of weeks.

Kitchen Sink

This area typically harbors more than 500,000 bacteria—ten times the amount found on the average toilet seat, says Reynolds. Blame the fact that most people clean the commode regularly, but the basin where raw produce is rinsed? Not so much. Uncooked fruits and vegetables and knives and cutting boards that have come in contact with raw meat are loaded with potential pathogens. Add moisture and scraps of food, which encourage germ growth, and suddenly you have a population the size of Seattle in your sink.

Clean up: A couple of times a week, and after you prepare raw food, wet the sink and scour with a scrub brush to get rid of any bacteria adhered to the surface, says Reynolds. Pay particular attention to the germ hotspots around the drain and garbage disposal. Spray the faucet, basin, and your brush with a solution of ¼ cup of chlorine bleach and one quart of water or full-strength hydrogen peroxide. Or, try a natural antibacterial product, like Seventh Generation Disinfecting Multi-Surface Cleaner ($5, drugstore.com). Let sit for ten minutes, then rinse.

Toothbrushes

You deposit germs from your mouth onto your toothbrush daily. Then you leave it to dry in a damp bathroom, possibly across from the toilet, where the bristles can become contaminated with the airborne bacteria released with every flush—heard enough? “You can get sick from using your own toothbrush and you can keep reinfecting yourself,” says Reynolds, noting that bugs such as E. coli, Listeria, and Strep—not to mention mold—may be lurking between the bristles.

Clean up: Allow toothbrushes to air-dry in an upright holder (away from the toilet, if possible). You can also significantly reduce the number of germs wafting through the bathroom by closing the lid when you flush. Once a week, run toothbrushes—and the holder if it’s safe—through the dishwasher’s sanitizing cycle to kill bacteria. Replace brushes every three months or after you’ve been ill.

Electronics

Remote controls and computer keyboards—which are handled by the whole family and rarely cleaned—top the list of grody items in the technology department. Reynolds’ research indicates that a single device may contain thousands of bacteria, including the same varieties found on kitchen sponges. Part of the problem: People often snack while they veg and type, leaving behind oils and crumbs for germs to stick to and use as “nourishment” to help them grow, says Reynolds.

Clean up: Swab remotes and keyboards, as well as video game controllers, your mouse, and plastic and fabric smartphone and tablet covers, once a week with a well-wrung-out disinfecting wipe (disconnect everything and remove covers first). Clean touch screen surfaces with a scratch-free product designed for electronics, such as Schatzii Smart Cloths ($25 for 2, apple.com).

Family Room Carpet

The rug in the room where everyone hangs out may contain as much as 200,000 bacteria per square inch, says Reynolds, who has isolated E. coli, Salmonella, and MRSA, a type of staph bacteria that causes skin infections, in carpet fibers. The skin cells, food particles, pollen, and pet dander that collect in carpets serve as a smorgasbord for germs. When you walk on the rug, or your kids roll around on it, you disrupt the little buggers, bringing some closer to the surface.

Clean up: Vacuum weekly, with the beater brush turned on, to draw grime out of the fibers. Then, spritz with a fabric sanitizing product, such as Lysol Neutra Air Fabric Mist, $6, drugstore.com (test in an inconspicuous spot before spraying down your Oriental rug). At least once a year, hire a company to do a deep steam-cleaning to zap residual germs.

Bath Towels

When towels remain damp for 20 minutes or longer, mildew and bacteria, which thrive in moist environments, can breed, says Reynolds, who found MRSA on 18 percent of the towels she and her team tested in people’s homes. Every time you reuse a tainted towel, you may be increasing your chances of developing (or aggravating) allergies and rashes, or (rarely) contracting a more serious infection, she says.

Clean up: Make sure towels air out quickly after each use. If a set of hooks isn’t cutting it, consider spreading them out over a stand-up or wall-mounted rack. An even better option for those whose bathrooms are particularly terrarium-like: Toss the whole load in the dryer after everyone has showered. After three or four uses, launder towels in hot water and chlorine bleach (for whites) and dry on high to root out any remaining bacteria. If you can’t kill the mildew smell, it’s time for new towels.

Your Purse

Most handbags have tens of thousands of bacteria on the bottom alone, and some have millions, says Reynolds. When you consider all the places your carryall has been—restaurant floors, the locker room, grocery carts, gulp—it’s amazing the numbers aren’t even higher.

Clean up: Mist sturdy cloth and nylon purses, along with gym bags and kids’ backpacks, weekly with a fabric-safe sanitizing spray, such as Lysol ($5, drugstore.com). Or, launder them if they are machine-washable. Clean vinyl with disinfecting wipes and leather with a specialty product, like Michael Kors leather cleaner and conditioner ($10, michaelkors.com). Try to hang bags on hooks whenever you can and, at the very least, “avoid putting the purse that sat on the mall bathroom floor on your kitchen counter,” says Reynolds.

Pet Bed

You’ve seen what Fluffy gets up to at the dog park, so it’s no surprise that she could be sleeping on a hotbed of bacteria. Studies have turned up hundreds of germs, including MRSA and the, er, fecal variety, on a single bed. Combined with the dirt and pollen the dog or cat drags in, as well as dander and dead skin cells, the germs can grow quickly.

Clean up: Once a week, remove the cover and launder it in hot water; dry on high. If the cover doesn’t come off, mist the bed with a sanitizing spray, such as Lysol or Clorox Anywhere ($5, drugstore.com), which is safe to use on many colored fabrics, as well as around kids and pets (still, test in an inconspicuous spot first).

This article originally appeared on RealSimple.com.

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