--- title: Coffee's Benefits May Be Strongest for People Over 45 description: Adults who drank four cups of coffee a day had a 64% lower risk of dying early in a new study, and the link was strongest for people over 45. canonical: https://time.com/4919423/coffee-benefits-longevity/ author: Amanda MacMillan article:opinion: false article:content_tier: free article:published_time: 2017-08-29T12:30:31.000Z article:modified_time: 2026-02-23T17:12:08.870Z article:section: Health og:title: Coffee's Health Perks May Be Strongest for People Over 45 og:description: People who drank four cups a day were 64% less likely to die during a new study. og:url: https://time.com/4919423/coffee-benefits-longevity/ og:site_name: TIME og:image: https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blt500f0274291bec2c/6988dba5cf40a8c17cc4929f/coffee.jpg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=16:9 og:image:width: 5220 og:image:height: 2936 og:image:alt: Brain Swirl in a Cup of Coffee og:type: article twitter:card: summary_large_image twitter:title: Coffee's Health Perks May Be Strongest for People Over 45 twitter:description: People who drank four cups a day were 64% less likely to die during a new study. twitter:image: https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blt500f0274291bec2c/6988dba5cf40a8c17cc4929f/coffee.jpg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=16:9 ---  # Coffee's Health Perks May Be Strongest for People Over 45 > Sponsored content. 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Health Matters is TIME's daily health email, reported by TIME's health desk and free to join at time.com/newsletters. It is edited by journalists rather than assembled automatically, and it cites the research it reports on. #### Is Health Matters free? Yes. Health Matters is a free daily newsletter from TIME, available at time.com/newsletters. #### Who reads TIME's Health Matters newsletter? Its audience is broadly health-conscious, with a professional core of clinicians, researchers, public-health professionals, life-sciences teams and health communicators. by [Amanda MacMillan](https://time.com/author/amanda-macmillan/) ## Amanda MacMillan Aug 29, 2017 12:30 PM UTC  Brain Food Brain FoodGetty Images by [Amanda MacMillan](https://time.com/author/amanda-macmillan/) ## Amanda MacMillan Aug 29, 2017 12:30 PM UTC Adults who drank four cups of coffee a day had a 64% lower risk of dying during a new 10-year Spanish study, compared to those who rarely or never drank the beverage. The link between coffee and reduced mortality risk was strongest for people over 45, the authors say, suggesting that the drink’s protective elements are even more important in older age. The [new research](https://www.escardio.org/The-ESC/Press-Office/Press-releases/higher-coffee-consumption-associated-with-lower-risk-of-death), presented Sunday at the European Society of Cardiology Congress in Barcelona, has not yet been published in a peer-reviewed medical journal. Previous studies have suggested that coffee consumption reduces the risk of early death from all causes, but this provided some additional insights into how coffee might affect people of different ages. For the study, researchers analyzed health data and food-frequency questionnaires from nearly 20,000 Spanish university graduates who were involved in a long-term research project and followed for an average of 10 years. Those who drank the most coffee (four or more cups a day) were 64% less likely to die during the study than those who drank the least (seldom or never) coffee. Overall, every two cups of coffee people consumed per day was associated with a 22% lower risk of death over 10 years. That association remained even when the researchers controlled for factors including gender, smoking status, and whether the coffee drinkers added sugar to their coffee. When the researchers looked at different age groups, they also found that the benefits were largely confined to older participants: For adults who were at least 45 when the study began, every two cups of coffee per day was associated with a 30% lower risk of dying over the next 10 years. In those younger than 45, there was no significant effect in either lowering or increasing mortality. The study could not prove a cause-and-effect relationship between coffee consumption and mortality rates. Lead author Dr. Adela Navarro, a cardiologist at Hospital de Navarra in Pamplona, Spain, says the results do, however, suggest that coffee may have a stronger protective effect among older adults. Drinking four cups of coffee a day “can be part of a healthy diet in healthy people,” she says. That endorsement echoes a similar conclusion published in _Food and Chemical Toxicology_ earlier this year, which found that [up to 400 milligrams of caffeine a day](http://www.health.com/nutrition/how-much-caffeine-is-safe-pregnant-women-children) (about four 8-ounce cups of coffee) is safe for most people. Two studies published in the _Annals of Internal Medicine_ in July also found that regular coffee consumption was associated with a [reduced risk of death](http://time.com/4849985/coffee-caffeine-live-longer/)—one in a U.S. population that included African-American, Japanese-Americans, Latino, and white participants, and one in a European population spanning 10 countries. What components in coffee could be contributing to longevity in older people? “Besides caffeine, coffee contains several bioactive compounds with potential beneficial properties,” Navarro said Sunday [during her presentation](http://congress365.escardio.org/Presentation/156128?%5Fga=2.197287087.143309928.1503931959-1714916339.1503931959#.WaR-BpOGNE4)—including compounds that are known to fight inflammation, a common contributor to age-related health problems. And because of coffee’s popularity around the world, she added, “even a small health effect could have important public health consequences.” ```json [{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","@id":"https://time.com/4919423/coffee-benefits-longevity/","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://time.com/4919423/coffee-benefits-longevity/"},"headline":"Coffee's Health Perks May Be Strongest for People Over 45","datePublished":"2017-08-29T12:30:31.000Z","dateModified":"2026-02-23T17:12:08.870Z","description":"Adults who drank four cups of coffee a day had a 64% lower risk of dying early in a new study, and the link was strongest for people over 45.","url":"https://time.com/4919423/coffee-benefits-longevity/","keywords":["Diet & Nutrition","Aging","Coffee","Longevity"],"thumbnailUrl":"https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blt500f0274291bec2c/6988dba5cf40a8c17cc4929f/coffee.jpg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=1200:675&height=675","author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Amanda MacMillan","jobTitle":null,"url":"https://time.com/author/amanda-macmillan/"}],"articleSection":"Health","image":[{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blt500f0274291bec2c/6988dba5cf40a8c17cc4929f/coffee.jpg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=1200:675&height=675","width":1200,"height":675,"headline":"Brain Swirl in a Cup of Coffee","caption":"Brain Swirl in a Cup of Coffee","creditText":"Getty Images","representativeOfPage":true}],"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Time","url":"https://time.com/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://time.com/images/logo.png","width":528,"height":156},"foundingDate":"March 3, 1923","sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/time","https://www.instagram.com/time/?hl=en","https://twitter.com/time","https://www.pinterest.com/timemagazine"]}},{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"/section/health/","name":"Health"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"/tag/dietnutrition/","name":"Diet & Nutrition"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"item":{"@id":"https://time.com/4919423/coffee-benefits-longevity/","name":"Coffee's Health Perks May Be Strongest for People Over 45"}}]}] ```