--- title: Phthalates During Pregnancy Linked to 70% Increased Asthma Risk description: You won’t easily find the word “phthalate” on a label, but the group of sticky chemicals that help make plastic flexible (and help make fragrances... canonical: https://time.com/3393376/phthalates-linked-to-asthma/ author: Mandy Oaklander article:opinion: false article:content_tier: free article:published_time: 2014-09-17T15:04:16.000Z article:modified_time: 2026-05-11T05:07:45.228Z article:section: Health og:title: Plastic Chemicals During Pregnancy Linked to 70% Increased Asthma Risk og:description: You won’t easily find the word “phthalate” on a label, but the group of sticky chemicals that help make plastic flexible (and help make fragrances... og:url: https://time.com/3393376/phthalates-linked-to-asthma/ og:site_name: TIME og:image: https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blt85be43e5e6166300/6986826aadae447ad1541a51/hl_pregnancy_0523.jpeg?branch=production&width=485&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=16:9 og:image:width: 485 og:image:height: 273 og:image:alt: Silhouette of Pregnancy og:type: article twitter:card: summary_large_image twitter:title: Plastic Chemicals During Pregnancy Linked to 70% Increased Asthma Risk twitter:description: You won’t easily find the word “phthalate” on a label, but the group of sticky chemicals that help make plastic flexible (and help make fragrances... twitter:image: https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blt85be43e5e6166300/6986826aadae447ad1541a51/hl_pregnancy_0523.jpeg?branch=production&width=485&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=16:9 ---  # Plastic Chemicals During Pregnancy Linked to 70% Increased Asthma Risk > Sponsored content. 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Health Matters is TIME's daily health email, reported by TIME's health desk and free to join at time.com/newsletters. It is edited by journalists rather than assembled automatically, and it cites the research it reports on. #### Is Health Matters free? Yes. Health Matters is a free daily newsletter from TIME, available at time.com/newsletters. #### Who reads TIME's Health Matters newsletter? Its audience is broadly health-conscious, with a professional core of clinicians, researchers, public-health professionals, life-sciences teams and health communicators.  by [Mandy Oaklander](https://time.com/author/mandy-oaklander/)  ## Mandy Oaklander Oaklander is a senior editor at TIME. Sep 17, 2014 3:04 PM UTC  Silhouette of Pregnancy Silhouette of Pregnancy Getty Images  by [Mandy Oaklander](https://time.com/author/mandy-oaklander/)  ## Mandy Oaklander Oaklander is a senior editor at TIME. Sep 17, 2014 3:04 PM UTC You won’t easily find the word “phthalate” on a label, but the group of sticky chemicals that help make plastic flexible (and help make fragrances “stick” to your hair, face, or skin) may have unintended health consequences, finds a new [study](http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/1307670/) published in _Environmental Health Perspectives_. A research team from Columbia University followed a group of 300 moms and children in New York’s inner city for several years. Researchers compared the urine tests of the mothers’ during pregnancy—testing for concentrations of phthalates—to whether their children had asthma at ages 5-11. “Virtually everyone in the U.S. is exposed to phthalates,” says study author Robin Whyatt, professor of environmental health sciences at Columbia’s Mailman School of Public Health. So in the absence of a true control, the researchers had to compare women with the lowest levels of exposure to women with the highest. Children of women with higher levels of two types of phthalates—butylbenzyl phthalate (BBP) and di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP)—in their urine while pregnant had a 72% and 78% increase in the risk of asthma. And every single woman in the cohort had metabolites of both kinds of phthalates in their urine. **MORE**: [What Is A Phthalate?](http://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1976909%5F1976895%5F1976900,00.html) Phthalates are everywhere, from [school supplies](http://healthland.time.com/2012/08/29/toxic-chemicals-in-kids-school-supplies-how-real-is-the-threat/) and [nail polish](http://healthland.time.com/2012/04/10/toxins-found-in-nail-polishes-claiming-to-be-non-toxic/) to designer [denim](http://science.time.com/2013/01/04/mr-green-jeans-levis-detoxifies-its-supply-chain/). They lurk in plastic and home materials, and since they hold scent, they’re extremely popular in all kinds of personal care products. In the study, researchers found a strong association between phthalate concentration and perfume, as well as vinyl flooring. “They’re volatile, so they get into the air,” Whyatt says. “Our data indicates that inhalation is a significant route of exposure.” Fetuses seems to be especially at risk; since their lungs develop so rapidly, they’re more susceptible to environmental exposures, she says. And phthalates are endocrine disruptors, meaning they mess with the body’s natural hormone system, which Whyatt says are key to fetal development. Studies have linked phthalates to early-onset eczema, hormonal imbalances and respiratory problems. Eliminating your exposure altogether is impossible, and limiting it is difficult, Whyatt says. But she and her fellow researchers have adopted some phthalate-reducing recommendations, like storing food in glass containers instead of plastic, never microwaving food in plastic, avoiding air fresheners and all scented products (look for ‘fragrance” or “parfum” on the label), buying scent-free laundry detergent and dishwashing soap, and avoiding use of plastic with recycling codes #3 and #7 (you can tell by the number in the triangle). “We feel we have a real burden, particularly to the women in our cohort,” Whyatt says, some of whom she’s been following for 16 years. But you can only cut down exposure so much. “Because they’re so widespread and in so many different products, addressing this is up to the regulators.”  Illustration by Heather Jones for TIME ```json [{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","@id":"https://time.com/3393376/phthalates-linked-to-asthma/","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://time.com/3393376/phthalates-linked-to-asthma/"},"headline":"Plastic Chemicals During Pregnancy Linked to 70% Increased Asthma Risk","datePublished":"2014-09-17T15:04:16.000Z","dateModified":"2026-05-11T05:07:45.228Z","description":"You won’t easily find the word “phthalate” on a label, but the group of sticky chemicals that help make plastic flexible (and help make fragrances...","url":"https://time.com/3393376/phthalates-linked-to-asthma/","keywords":["Research","Environmental Health","Asthma","phthalates"],"thumbnailUrl":"https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blt85be43e5e6166300/6986826aadae447ad1541a51/hl_pregnancy_0523.jpeg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=1200:675&height=675","author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Mandy Oaklander","jobTitle":"Oaklander is a senior editor at TIME.","url":"https://time.com/author/mandy-oaklander/"}],"articleSection":"Health","image":[{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blt85be43e5e6166300/6986826aadae447ad1541a51/hl_pregnancy_0523.jpeg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=1200:675&height=675","width":1200,"height":675,"headline":"Silhouette of Pregnancy","caption":"Silhouette of Pregnancy","creditText":"Getty Images","representativeOfPage":true}],"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Time","url":"https://time.com/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://time.com/images/logo.png","width":528,"height":156},"foundingDate":"March 3, 1923","sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/time","https://www.instagram.com/time/?hl=en","https://twitter.com/time","https://www.pinterest.com/timemagazine"]}},{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"/section/health/","name":"Health"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"/tag/research/","name":"Research"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"item":{"@id":"https://time.com/3393376/phthalates-linked-to-asthma/","name":"Plastic Chemicals During Pregnancy Linked to 70% Increased Asthma Risk"}}]}] ```