At a Kremlin banquet last week, Russia’sPremier Aleksei Kosygin noted that it had been 33 years since a Turkish head of government had last visited the Soviet Union. Turkey’sPremier Suat Hayri Urguplu obligingly replied that he would not try toanalyze “the critical period of distrust in our rela tions,”since it was now over with. He added, “We are very pleased to bewit nesses to the gradual and confident de velopment of mutualunderstanding.”Though filled with diplomatic cliches, the speeches did reflect thecautious new warmth in Soviet-Turkish relations that has been evidentof late. As recent ly as 1964, Turkish leaders were open ly derisive ofMoscow’s efforts to bring the two ancient enemies closer together.But then came what many Turks re garded as President Lyndon B. Johnson’s “summons” of the then Premier, Ismet Inonu, toWashington for talks on Cyprus. Inonii returned home with little U.S.backing. Perhaps also influ enced by the success of Pakistan in playingEast and West against each other, the Turks soon began smiling at theirbig northern neighbor.Also Unsettling. The latest events on Cyprus have hardly worked againstfriendship with Moscow. Last month Archbishop Makarios angered Ankaraby abolishing the separate electoral rolls for Greek and TurkishCypriots, which effectively barred the Turkish community from the seatsit had held in the House of Representatives. Turk ish CypriotRepresentatives, who have not been attending meetings for fear of theirlives, tried to re-enter the cham ber but were refused admittanceunless they would agree to relinquish the veto that they hold overlegislation under the constitution. When Turkey angrily placed thematter before the U.N., Ankara’s NATO partners reaffirmed their desirefor peace on the island, but failed to step in energetically onTurkey’s behalf.In Moscow last week, Urguplu made a pitch for stronger Soviet backingover Cyprus, but there were limits to what Premier Aleksei Kosygincould prom ise. Russia, like Turkey, is against enosis, the union ofCyprus with Greece, but the Soviets are not likely to go so far as toback Turkey’s desire for par tition of the island. The Turkish pressblossomed with headlines when Kosygin promised the visiting Turks thatthe Kremlin would study ways to improve the living conditions of thehapless Turkish Cypriots.Though a new dollop of Soviet aid may come out of the trip, many Turksfound Urguplii’s junket to Moscow un settling. The thaw with Russia hashad the effect of setting off a growing clam or by leftist politicians,intellectuals and editors that a few years ago would have landed themost vocal in jail. It was enough to cause some second thoughts.Istanbul’s daily Diinya commented: “Improvement of Turkey’s relationswith the Soviets is fine on one condition—that we always remain anally of the U.S. and in NATO.”