Resources

How do I know if a friend has an opioid abuse problem?

It’s important to keep in mind that anyone can become addicted to opioids. When a person’s use starts interfering with their ability to maintain a normal life at work, school and/or in their relationships, it can be a sign they need help. Other red flags can include if a person is taking prescription drugs for longer than intended or in larger amounts and if they say they would like to cut down, but can’t.

How can I find an affordable opioid addiction treatment center?

If you have health insurance coverage the process is easier; many plans today cover substance abuse treatment. It’s helpful to call your insurance provider to see what in-network programs are available. If you live in a state that has expanded Medicaid access, you also have access to affordable treatment options. (Find a list here.) If you do not have coverage, getting treatment for addiction can be expensive but each state has funding for providing treatment to people without insurance coverage. (Here’s a list of who to contact.) Because state funding for treatment can be limited, it’s important to know that there can be a waiting list to get into inpatient treatment programs.

What are opioid addiction treatment options?

There are a few different options for opioid addiction treatment. Often treatment plans involve multiple strategies. Treatment may start with a detoxification period where withdrawal symptoms are managed in an inpatient facility or an outpatient program. During a detox period, patients may be given medications to help with symptoms. Medication-assisted treatment (MAT) is now a common part of opioid. Medications like methadone and buprenorphine are given to patients to help relieve withdrawal and cravings. The drug naltrexone may be given to block euphoric or sedative effects of a drug, should a person relapse. Research shows that MAT can lower the mortality rate among people with addiction by half or more. Counseling and behavioral therapy are also typically a part of most plans to help foster behavior changes and re-build relationships. Some people may also choose to join support groups or 12-step programs like Narcotics Anonymous. Some of these programs will allow MAT, and others do not.

How common is relapse for opioid addiction?

Relapsing during drug addiction treatment is common and likely. Drug addiction relapse rates are between 40% and 60%, according to the National Institute on Drug Abuse, and some studies have put the rate as higher for opioid addiction.

If I know someone at risk for overdose, what do I do?

If you’re close to someone who might be at risk for overdosing, you may want to seek training in providing naloxone, which is an overdose antidote. Naloxone has become more widely available in recent years, especially among emergency responders. It is simple to administer, and typically takes between two and five minutes to start working. Many states have passed laws to make naloxone—which can come as an injection or nasal spray—easily accessible for family, friends and potential overdose bystanders. Most states now offer it without a prescription. Free naloxone is provided by some community-based programs as well.

If I am prescribed opioids, what should I do?

Opioids are still important in modern medicine, especially for people dealing with acute pain or for cancer pain. They are often prescribed for people with chronic pain, though the research is less clear on its effectiveness. If you are prescribed an opioid, make sure your physician is following recommended practices, which include only prescribing an opioid if necessary, and for a small amount. Do not take opioids for longer than recommended, and do not keep unused pills in your home.

How can I talk to my kids about the dangers of opioids?

Experts at the American Academy of Pediatrics recommend that parents lead by example, by not keeping prescription medications in places that are easy to access and by talking to their kids about substance abuse at an early age. Reiterate that even prescription drugs should not be taken unless necessary. If a child is prescribed opioids, be sure his or her physician is following appropriate prescribing behaviors and monitor the child’s pain. If pain could be managed with a less potent painkiller, like a Tylenol, it may be worth considering as an alternative.