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# Indonesia: In the Ring of Fire

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<!-- video src="https://cdn.jwplayer.com/manifests/dBM7g4FG.m3u8" -->
## Video: Indonesia: In the Ring of Fire

[Watch (HLS stream): Indonesia: In the Ring of Fire](https://cdn.jwplayer.com/manifests/dBM7g4FG.m3u8) (2:35)

![Indonesia: In the Ring of Fire](https://cdn.jwplayer.com/v2/media/dBM7g4FG/poster.jpg?width=720)

_Published 2014-01-11. Mount Sinabung in Indonesia is the latest of many volcanoes to erupt. The country is one of the most volcanically active places on earth and has been home to some of the most powerful eruptions in the world._


---

Jul 27, 2023 4:06 PM UTC

---

## More From This Series

[All Videos](https://time.com/video/)

[Tsunami Set Off by Volcanic Eruption Kills At Least 430 in Indonesia](/video/mzQo5jGj/)

### Tsunami Set Off by Volcanic Eruption Kills At Least 430 in Indonesia

[Sumatra's Mount Sinabung Erupts](/video/Fne280Vs/)

### Sumatra's Mount Sinabung Erupts

[Volcano Eruption In Indonesia Kills 3, Forces Thousands To Flee](/video/CVWoTAtu/)

### Volcano Eruption In Indonesia Kills 3, Forces Thousands To Flee

---


## Transcript

>> In one 24- hour period, Mount Sinabung in Indonesia erupted 77 times. Sporadic eruptions began on September after centuries of dormancy. Nearly 20, 000 people have been forced to leave their homes. At least 60 pyroclastic flows, distinct clouds of ash and hot gas have been reported with some stretching as long as 5 km. Indonesia sits on a major fault line at the inner section of three active tectonic plates. The country's precarious location has been responsible for some of the most massive volcanic eruptions in the world. The 1815 eruption of Mount Tambora was one of the most powerful in recorded history.

It is believed the eruption caused average global temperatures to drop a full degree Fahrenheit, creating an agricultural disaster for much of the world the following year, which was dubbed " The Year Without a Summer ." Art historians believe that the intense colors found in sunsets by painters during that period were result of massive amounts of air pollution caused by the volcano. In 1883, the eruption of Krakatoa was so powerful that it obscured as far away as Australia. The explosion was equivalent to 200 megaton bomb. 13, 000 times the nuclear yield of the atomic bomb that destroyed Hiroshima.

A succession of tsunamis killed over 36, 000 people. In 2010, series of eruptions at Mount Merapi on the island of Java killed more than 350 people. More than a quarter million people were forced to evacuate their homes as lava flows extended more than 15 kilometers down the heavily populated slopes. Today, in Indonesia, 235 million people live in the shadow of 150 active volcanoes. Displacement, destruction, and even death remain constant threats.

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