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# Rare cliff cypress given new lease of life

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![](https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blt6dc1ea579df27f9d/6aa14671eb94cc6f87ab638c/2._Rare_cliff_cypress_given_new_lease_of_life.jpg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=4:5)

_Researchers collect seeds from wild cliff cypress in Xuebaoshan National Nature Reserve in Chongqing. WANG XIAOYU / FOR CHINA DAILY_

By TAN YINGZI and DENG RUI

High in the cliffs of the Daba Mountains in Southwest China, a 200-million-year-old tree once thought vanished from the planet is orchestrating one of the most remarkable ecological comebacks in botanical history.

Known scientifically as _Thuja sutchuenensis_ and nicknamed the “giant panda of the plant world,” the cliff cypress survived the age of the dinosaurs only to be declared extinct in the wild by the International Union for Conservation of Nature in 1998\. Today, thanks to a major propagation breakthrough and a green industrial strategy, Chongqing’s Kaizhou district is turning the rare conifer into a global model for ecological restoration.

At a breeding base at the foot of the Chongqing Xuebaoshan National Nature Reserve, plant experts meticulously inspect rows of vibrant 8-inch seedlings. The foliage emits a distinct aroma reminiscent of green apples.

For decades, saving the cliff cypress meant painstaking manual work, involving taking cuttings from mature cliffside trees, nurturing them in greenhouses and gradually reintroducing them over a two-to-three-year window. Now, conservationists are celebrating a game-changing transition with the introduction of mass seed propagation.

The cliff cypress is a member of the genus _Thuja_ in the cypress family that can be traced back over 300 million years. 

The fate of the cliff cypress has been convoluted. It was first documented in 1892 by French botanist Paul Guillaume Farges in the Chongqing region of the Daba Mountains. Seven years later, it was officially described as a new species, with its type specimen displayed at the Natural History Museum in Paris, France. Despite this early recognition, the species faced significant challenges, leading the IUCN to declare it “Extinct in the Wild” in 1998.

However, the cliff cypress was rediscovered just a year later during a national survey, which reignited efforts to conserve this rare species.

This endangered plant, found only in China, survives in small populations on cliffs at altitudes ranging from 2,300 to 7,200 feet. Of more than 10,000 mature wild trees remaining, about 78% are in Chongqing, around the Chongqing Xuebaoshan National Nature Reserve in the city’s Kaizhou district.

Today, the cliff cypress remains on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species and is recognized as a national first-class protected wild plant in China.

According to Huang Jiyong, director of the National Forest Germplasm Resource Bank of Thuja Sutchuenensis in Kaizhou, this species faces significant threats, including poor natural regeneration due to its long reproductive cycle, seed infertility and low genetic diversity.

Additionally, external factors such as logging, harsh environmental conditions and invasive species pose further challenges to its survival.

With the introduction of mass seed propagation, Huang, who is also secretary of the State-owned Ma Yun Forest Farm, anticipates a promising year ahead.

“For the first time, our farm’s cliff cypress trees are producing seeds on a large scale,” he said.

“Seed propagation results in healthier trees with lower disease rates and costs just one-tenth of what propagation through cuttings would,” Huang noted, adding that if these seeds are fertile, the farm could harvest about 220 pounds of them by October.

Investigations have been initiated to catalog and register the approximately 7,800 wild cliff cypress trees within the reserve, leading to the establishment of the country’s first regional cliff cypress resources bank.

As of 2025, four breeding bases and 18 intelligent seedling greenhouses had been established, cultivating over 2.7 million seedlings and reintroducing more than 750,000 trees into the wild.

Yang Liuyan, deputy director of the Kaizhou forest bureau, said that an additional 700,000 cypress trees could be planted in the wild this year over a 1,136-acre area.

Efforts are also being made to enable the cliff cypress to adapt to a broader range of environments. Trials for ex-situ conservation and adaptive cultivation are underway in several parts of the country, Yang said.

Beyond environmental preservation, the local strategy actively drives regional development. Local official Li Chuanguo detailed how the area is leveraging the tree’s unique properties, starting with the commercial development of over 10 deep-processed products like shampoos, face masks and essential oils derived from cultivated stock. To protect these innovations, officials have registered more than 100 related trademarks. On the economic front, local leaders are experimenting with forestry carbon credit trading to convert ongoing conservation efforts into direct revenue.

Meanwhile, Li said public engagement is growing via the newly opened Germplasm Resources Science Center, which invites both tourists and students to explore species protection firsthand.

This approach of balancing strict ecosystem preservation with sustainable local commerce earned international accolades in November last year at the Global Forum on Human Settlements in Geneva, where Kaizhou received the Global Model of Ecological Restoration and Protection award.

What began as a rescue mission for a dying relic has become a blueprint for how modern conservation can sustain both nature and local communities.

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