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* [Health](/section/health/)

# 11 Foods That Are Changing the World

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by 

[TIME Staff](https://time.com/author/time-staff/)

Nov 14, 2013 7:15 PM UTC

by 

[TIME Staff](https://time.com/author/time-staff/)

Nov 14, 2013 7:15 PM UTC

## The Grasshopper Taco

![Florentino Azpetia, chef at Girasoles restaurant i](https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blt9eec94a281a36f1c/6998b346d32e93f8bccd4cf8/131023-grasshopper-taco.jpg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=16:9)

<br>As far as food sources go, there are few better than insects: the average grasshopper, for example, is low-cost, low-calorie, exists in abundance, and contains 29% of your daily protein value. That's a main reason why they're such a diet staple for some 2 billion people in Asia, Africa and Latin America. Yet in the Western world, insects are considered gross—meaning that in countries like America, livestock still reigns supreme (even though its production can do more damage to the environment than automobiles, <a href="http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn10786-cows-pigs-and-sheep-environments-greatest-threats.html#.UoTkPOsaejg" target="\_blank">according to</a> the U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization). But that's starting to change, thanks food innovations like insect tacos—available at Antojeria La Popular, a popular restaurant in New York City, among others—which are making nontraditional protein seem more palatable. Meanwhile, Sushi Mazi in Portland has started serving grasshopper sushi. And Berlin's Never Never Land restaurant serves gourmet insects on salads and even in chocolate sauce. edockterman

## Golden Rice

![A scientist shows "Golden Rice" grains at the laboratory of the International Rice Research Institute in Los Banos](https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blt42d58bc5fdad135e/6998b346e1ba00718598b684/131023-golden-rice.jpg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=16:9)

<br>In parts of Asia and throughout sub-Saharan Africa, Vitamin A deficiency not only causes blindness, it also kills 670,000 children under five each year. Problem is, good sources of Vitamin A, like carrots or sweet potatoes, aren't grown nearby, and for most people, are far too costly to import. Instead, many of the societies' diets rely almost entirely on rice.<br><br><br><br>So scientists created a genetically modified version that's rich in Vitamin A. The golden rice, as its known, has already been introduced for testing in the Philippines and Taiwan. And although there have been controversies—Greenpeace has said <a href="http://www.greenpeace.org/international/en/campaigns/agriculture/problem/Corporate-Control-of-Agriculture/">corporate control of agriculture</a> via genetically modified organisms (GMOs) is dangerous and foodies complain that GMOS philosophically undermine the back-to-our-roots slow food movement—there are signs that it's working: the American Society for Nutrition, for example, suggests that one cup of golden rice consumed daily could provide 50% of the recommended daily allowance of Vitamin A.<br><br><br><br>Plus, as Josh Schonwald, author of <a href="http://www.amazon.com/dp/0061804215/?tag=googhydr-20&hvadid=32603474118&hvpos=1t1&hvexid=&hvnetw=g&hvrand=17356925942136981746&hvpone=&hvptwo=&hvqmt=b&hvdev=c&ref=pd\_sl\_l2adhqmoi\_b"><em>The Taste of Tomorrow: Dispatches From The Future of Food</em></a>, argues, "Savoring the slowest food and foraging for wild asparagus shouldn’t be viewed as at odds with championing lab-engineered vitamin-A enhanced rice that could save children from blindness. Pairing \[ those foods\] is not an incompatible, ethically confused choice." edockterman

## The Lab-Grown Burger

![Developer Of First Cultivated Beef Burger Mark Post](https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blt2c94767c60c8eacd/6998b3467323af4c122ba5a7/131023-lab-burger.jpg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=16:9)

<br>Beyond the ethics of raising some 9 billion animals to be killed for food each year in the U.S.—a big issue for vegetarians and some advocacy groups—factory farms create problems for the environment: globally, ruminant livestock produce 80 million metric tons of methane per year, 22% of the total methane emissions in the world. And with global demand for meat expected to grow 60% by 2050, the amount of farmland and grain needed to feed those chickens, pigs and cows may be unsustainable. But <a href="http://ideas.time.com/2013/03/14/10-big-ideas/">the in-vitro burger</a>, which was <a href="http://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,2149146,00.html" target="\_blank">unveiled Aug. 5</a>, has none of those hang-ups—it's grown in a lab from cow stem cells, which means it may even be palatable for vegetarians. The only issue: for now, it carries a $325,000 price tag. edockterman

## Musical Salt and Sugar

![140667252](https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blt2ed4944f478f1372/6998b347f1b082bb716ef283/140667252.jpg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=16:9)

<br>What if there were a sugar substitute that had no calories and was totally sustainable? According to a 2012 <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0950329311001807" target="\_blank">study</a> out of Oxford University, that miracle condiment is sound: playing certain tones while you eat can change the way you taste (high-pitched sounds = sweeter, low-pitched sounds = more bitter). Although the idea is still nascent, U.K. chef Heston Blumenthal has already started to experiment with sound-enhanced food at his restaurant, Fat Duck: by serving a fish dish alongside sea sounds, he's able to make it taste saltier without actually using too much salt. edockterman

## Kelp Pasta

![Although oceans cover more than 70% of the earth's surface,<a href="http://www.wfga.net/issues.php?ID=78" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> they only produce 2% of its food.</a> Not surprisingly, that's led many experts to say the solutions to the world's hunger problems lie in the sea, not the land. And fish aren't the most viable option: the United Nations Environment Program <a href="http://saveourseas.com/threats/overfishing" target="_blank" rel="noopener">has said</a> that our fish supplies are on track to drastically decrease within the next half century.    Not so with seaweed. Kelp, a type of seaweed, has a number of benefits: it's rich in nutrients, low in fat and one of the fastest-growing plants in the world. <a href="http://phys.org/news/2010-12-seaweed-acidification.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">One study</a> form the Netherlands estimates that only one percent of the Earth's ocean surface would be needed to grow the amount of seaweed equal to the amount of all food ](https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blte0b54d58c0ea1b73/6998b34783ec379fa2c78719/131023-kelp-noodle.jpg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=16:9)

<br>Although oceans cover more than 70% of the earth's surface,<a href="http://www.wfga.net/issues.php?ID=78" target="\_blank"> they only produce 2% of its food.</a> Not surprisingly, that's led many experts to say the solutions to the world's hunger problems lie in the sea, not the land. And fish aren't the most viable option: the United Nations Environment Program <a href="http://saveourseas.com/threats/overfishing" target="\_blank">has said</a> that our fish supplies are on track to drastically decrease within the next half century.<br><br><br><br>Not so with seaweed. Kelp, a type of seaweed, has a number of benefits: it's rich in nutrients, low in fat and one of the fastest-growing plants in the world. <a href="http://phys.org/news/2010-12-seaweed-acidification.html" target="\_blank">One study</a> form the Netherlands estimates that only one percent of the Earth's ocean surface would be needed to grow the amount of seaweed equal to the amount of all food we grow on land. Some cultures have already caught on. "In Korean culture, seaweed is like bread," Jin Jun, the founder of SeaSnax <a href="http://healthland.time.com/2013/06/13/what-to-eat-now-seaweed/" target="\_blank">told</a> TIME in June. Companies like SeaSnax are trying to market kelp in the Western world, where we're already getting used to eating seaweed salads with out sushi. It's an acquired taste, though—for now. edockterman

## The Sardine

![163055252](https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blt67b9862b8c23b51b/6998b348e1ba002f1298b68d/131023-sardines.jpg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=16:9)

<br><p>No, that's not a typo. Although sardines have long been a <a href="http://chickenofthesea.com/recipe\_detail.aspx?did=1249">niche snack</a>, they're now being presented as one of many solutions to the overfishing crisis. <a href="http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1533125/All-seafood-will-run-out-in-2050-say-scientists.html" target="\_blank">Studies</a> have shown that three-fourths of the world's fish stocks are being harvested faster than they can reproduce—meaning we will eventually run out of tuna, swordfish, halibut and more, unless we change our behavior. But because sardines remain in abundance, and a group called the Sardinistas is <a href="http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2009-06-03/news/36777059\_1\_sardines-cannery-row-blue-ocean-institute">trying to reintroduce them as a mainstream diet staple</a>. It'll be a rocky road, no doubt, but they already have dietician approval: sardines are high in omega-3 fatty acids, which help your metabolism and can lower blood pressure.</p> edockterman

## Asian Carp Sushi

![Asian Carp](https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blt7ab6978ac47f042c/6998b34847fe518f2655987f/131023-asian-carp.jpg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=16:9)

<br>One way to curb invasive species (which cost farms and fisheries an estimated $120 billion in lost profits each year)? Eat them. That's the philosophy at Miya's Sushi in New Haven, which has <a href="http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=invasive-species-menu-of-a-world-class-chef" target="\_blank">famously created</a> rolls and entrees featuring abundant, potentially damaging species—such as Asian carp, green crabs and jellyfish—instead of the fish that we already overeat, like salmon. edockterman

## The 3D-Printed Noodle

![SI9A5330.jpg](https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blte82dcdb1546aa800/6998b3481f6709830df542fc/131023-3d-printer-noodle.jpg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=16:9)

<br><p>One of the biggest hurdles to a manned mission to Mars—or beyond? Food supply. Right now, refrigeration and freezing food takes up precious spacecraft resources, and NASA's freeze-dried food staples have less than a five-year shelf life, which isn't enough time for deep-space missions. Plus, space food is selected before a mission, and the crew don't have a chance to personalize recipes.</p><p>But 3-D printing—literally, building meals from pre-stored ingredients—could allow astronauts to create healthy meals over long periods of time. (Not to mention the fact that astronauts could customize their dinners.) That's why NASA is funding a six-month, $125,000 study to <a href="http://www.nasa.gov/directorates/spacetech/home/feature\_3d\_food.html#.Ummdwusaejh" target="\_blank">explore its potential</a>.</p> edockterman

## Plumpy'Nut

![-PHOTO TAKEN 17AUG05-A package of Plumpy'nut is seen on the production line at the Nutriset factory ..](https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blta8349cac31d051a0/6998b34966d4e30db3cba598/131023-plumpy-nut.jpg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=16:9)

<br>The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization <a href="http://www.worldhunger.org/articles/Learn/world%20hunger%20facts%202002.htm#Number\_of\_hungry\_people\_in\_the\_world" target="\_blank">estimates</a> that nearly 870 million people in the world—one in eight—are suffering from chronic undernourishment. And malnutrition affects 32.5 percent of children in developing countries. That's where Plumpy'Nut comes in. The high-calorie mixture of peanuts, sugar, milk powder, whey, vitamins and minerals, soy oil and palm oil is specially designed to treat hunger in the most efficient way possible (similar to Soylent, the much buzzed-about "food substitute" that <a href="http://healthland.time.com/2013/06/10/soylent-is-the-food-of-the-future-really-a-nutrition-solution/#ixzz2igJ1S1LR">debuted earlier this year</a>). It's nutrient-rich, easily transportable, and does not need to be refrigerated or mixed water. Critics have pointed out that Plumpy'Nut, which is manufactured by a private French company, may be too expensive—it's $60 to feed a child for two months, a large sum in the developing world.<br><br><br><br>But it does appear to be working. “A child with severe malnutrition presents either as skin and bones, with what they call baggy pants—when their skin sags on their bottoms—or all their limbs swell. They don’t have an appetite anymore, they don’t cry, they don’t move," Heidi Reed, the communications manager of <a title="Edesia" href="http://www.edesiaglobal.org/index.php?option=com\_content&view=frontpage&Itemid=78&lang=en" target="\_blank">Edesia</a>, one of the nonprofits in the PlumpyField Network, <a href="http://healthland.time.com/2013/06/10/soylent-is-the-food-of-the-future-really-a-nutrition-solution/#ixzz2ke4768GW">told Time</a>. "The Plumpy’Nut physically changes them within a matter of days." Edesia provides Plumpy’Nut—which has a 90 percent rehabilitation rate—to buyers like UNICEF, the World Food Program, USAID, Action Against Hunger and other organizations with nutrition programs. The majority of their products are sent and distributed to West Africa and Ethiopia. edockterman

## The Miracle Berry

![158807317](https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/bltd2e2093aaedd6524/6998b3491f67091466f54300/131023-miracle-berry.jpg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=16:9)

<br>You may have heard of Synsepalum dulcificum, the West African "miracle berry" that <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2008/05/28/dining/28flavor.html?\_r=0">tricks your tastebuds</a> into thinking sour food is sweet; it's been a staple at <a href="http://www.molecularrecipes.com/techniques/flavor-tripping-miracle-berry/">flavor-tripping parties</a> for years, and now has a sleek new image, thanks to the company <a href="http://mberry.us">mberry</a>. But it's potential is far greater: in addition to serving as a low-calorie sugar substitute, it's also being used to <a href="http://www.grubstreet.com/2013/01/homaro-cantu-miracle-berry-diet.html">help chemotherapy patients regain their appetite</a>. Turns out the temporary sweetening—enabled by a protein called miraculin—also counteracts the "everything tastes metallic" side-effect commonly associated with the treatment. edockterman

## The Cronut

![DOUNIAMAG-LIFESTYLE-BRITAIN-US-FOOD](https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blt77084d121924c2b1/6998b3497323af51a12ba5ae/185700766.jpg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=16:9)

<br>Call it the dessert that launched a thousand hybrids. The massive popularity of Dominique Ansel Bakery's croissant-doughnut combination kickstarted a new wave of mash-up desserts. Among them: Starbucks' "<a href="http://world.time.com/2013/10/10/starbucks-accused-of-copying-the-duffin-a-donut-muffin-hybrid/">duffin</a>" (doughnut + muffin), Bea Vo's "<a href="http://www.womenyoushouldknow.net/the-latest-in-hybrid-desserts-bea-vos-townie/">townie</a>" (tartlet + brownie) and countless more copycat "<a href="http://www.grubstreet.com/2013/06/cronuts-droissants-dominique-ansel.html?utm\_source=feedburner&utm\_medium=feed&utm\_campaign=Feed%3A+nymag%2Fgrubstreet+%28Grub+Street+-+nymag.com%27s+Food+and+Restaurant+Blog%29">doissants</a>."<br><br><br><br>(And for good measure, here's TIME's <a href="http://newsfeed.time.com/2013/10/10/forget-duffins-and-cronuts-9-food-fusions-wed-like-to-see/" target="\_blank">wish-list</a> of other fusion foods.) edockterman

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