--- title: The History of the Modern Olympic Games description: A 1890s sports tournament in an English town called Much Wenlock led to the modern Olympic games. canonical: https://time.com/6992530/modern-olympics-origins-much-wenlock/ author: Olivia B. Waxman article:opinion: false article:content_tier: free article:published_time: 2024-07-19T11:00:00.000Z article:modified_time: 2026-02-24T17:50:58.144Z article:section: History og:title: The Small English Town That Launched the Modern Olympics og:description: Today's Games date back to a 1890 sports tournament og:url: https://time.com/6992530/modern-olympics-origins-much-wenlock/ og:site_name: TIME og:image: https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/bltf0b8900f0a91d371/698a582fe6e84a6b212b317e/much-wenlock-olympics.jpg?branch=production&width=1024&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=16:9 og:image:width: 1024 og:image:height: 576 og:image:alt: Athletics - 125th Wenlock Olympian Games og:type: article twitter:card: summary_large_image twitter:title: The Small English Town That Launched the Modern Olympics twitter:description: Today's Games date back to a 1890 sports tournament twitter:image: https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/bltf0b8900f0a91d371/698a582fe6e84a6b212b317e/much-wenlock-olympics.jpg?branch=production&width=1024&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=16:9 ---  # The Small English Town That Launched the Modern Olympics > Sponsored content. 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They are at time.com/newsletters and are separate from a paid subscription.  by [Olivia B. Waxman](https://time.com/author/olivia-b-waxman/)  ## Olivia B. Waxman Staff Writer Jul 19, 2024 11:00 AM UTC  A competitor takes part in the high jump at the 2011 Wenlock Olympian Games, which have been taking place since 1850 and helped to inspired the rebirth of the modern Olympic Games. A competitor takes part in the high jump at the 2011 Wenlock Olympian Games, which have been taking place since 1850 and helped to inspired the rebirth of the modern Olympic Games. AMA/Corbis—Getty Images  by [Olivia B. Waxman](https://time.com/author/olivia-b-waxman/)  ## Olivia B. Waxman Staff Writer Jul 19, 2024 11:00 AM UTC Despite the Greek roots of the word “Olympic,” the [2024 Paris Summer Olympics](https://time.com/6988148/paris-2024-summer-olympics-guide-when-how-to-watch-games/) will bear little resemblance to the sports tournaments in [ancient Greece](https://time.com/4261816/trump-ancient-greeks/). The [ancient origins](https://time.com/4431034/rio-olympics-ancient-history/) of the Olympics can be traced back to a 776 B.C. footrace (known as a hoplitodromos) won by a cook named Koroibos of Elis, according to Jeremy Fuchs, sports journalist and author of the Olympic history book _Total Olympics._ Participants donned helmets and shields for these kinds of footraces, which were often religious tributes to Zeus. They drew some 40,000 spectators to Olympia where there is a statue of the Greek god. Cow sacrifices were the norm. But the Olympics we know today actually dates back to an 1890 sports tournament in a small town in England called “Much Wenlock.” The town doctor, William Penny Brookes, was looking for a way to get the town’s 2,500 residents more excited about exercising. Since 1850, he had been hosting an annual tournament that featured sports like [soccer](https://time.com/6302113/the-u-s-world-cup-campaign-ends-in-historic-disappointment/), cricket, a blindfolded wheelbarrow race, a pig chase, quoits (throwing rings near or around a peg), and “tilting at the ring,” in which a man on horseback had to unhook a small ring hanging from a crossbar with a lance. Brookes went on to establish the National Olympian Association, which brought together [gymnastics](https://time.com/6990187/olympic-trials-2024-track-field-gymnastics/), boating, and cricket, and hosted a three-day festival in 1866 in London that drew 10,000 spectators and competitors. Similar events began cropping up across England. **Read More:** [_The Different Prizes Olympic Champs Can Win Depending on Their Country and Sport_](https://time.com/6996826/olympic-gold-medal-prize-money-countries-sports-federations/) The games caught the attention of [Pierre de Coubertin](https://time.com/4461464/olympic-runners-pierre-de-coubertin-medal/), a world renowned champion of sports in schools. He had put an ad in newspapers requesting to learn more about physical-education initiatives, and Brookes responded, inviting him to Much Wenlock. They instantly struck up a friendship and started to envision a new kind of sports tournament in or near various world capitals. As fans of Greek culture, they wanted the tournament to have nods to ancient Greek sporting events. Coubertin founded the [International Olympic Committee](https://time.com/5764614/political-protests-olympics-ioc-ban/) in 1894. And so, the first modern Olympics began in April 1896 in Athens**,** with 241 athletes from 14 nations competing in 43 events, among them [tennis](https://time.com/6965525/elina-svitolina-ukraine-interview-olympics/), [swimming](https://time.com/collection/next-generation-leaders/6973239/simone-manuel/), and fencing. Spyridon Louis of Greece won the Games’ first-ever marathon. Brookes died four months beforehand in December 1895, but his ideas were incorporated into the tournament. For example, there was an opening ceremony in which the athletes marched around the city as children sang and spectators threw flower petals. Winners received laurel wreaths and medals with Nike, the Greek God of victory, emblazoned on them—just like the [Olympic medals](https://time.com/6083866/summer-olympics-medals-by-country-tokyo-2021/) handed out in the current era. As Coubertin wrote in an obituary to Brookes, “If the Olympic Games that Modern Greece has not yet been able to revive still survives today, it is due, not to a Greek, but to Dr William Penny Brookes.” The Wenlock Olympian Society still hosts an annual sports tournament in Shropshire, England, and the goal of the [Olympics](https://time.com/4421865/olympics-cost-history/) hasn’t changed much since the first modern games in 1896: to encourage people to exercise and challenge themselves. 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