--- title: How 2024 Will Be a Watershed Climate Moment for China description: The country's emissions are expected to peak imminently. But the key question is where China wil go from there. canonical: https://time.com/6549772/china-climate-2024/ author: Li Shuo article:opinion: true article:content_tier: free article:published_time: 2023-12-28T11:00:00.000Z article:modified_time: 2026-08-04T07:42:51.866Z article:section: Ideas og:title: How 2024 Will Be a Watershed Climate Moment for China og:description: The country's emissions are expected to peak imminently. But the key question is where China wil go from there. og:url: https://time.com/6549772/china-climate-2024/ og:site_name: TIME og:image: https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blt77e24ce536acfc96/698a437586f68e3f976f3162/china-energy-2024-1.jpg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=16:9 og:image:width: 2400 og:image:height: 1350 og:image:alt: china-energy-2024-1 og:type: article twitter:card: summary_large_image twitter:title: How 2024 Will Be a Watershed Climate Moment for China twitter:description: The country's emissions are expected to peak imminently. But the key question is where China wil go from there. twitter:image: https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blt77e24ce536acfc96/698a437586f68e3f976f3162/china-energy-2024-1.jpg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=16:9 ---  # How 2024 Will Be a Watershed Climate Moment for China > Sponsored content. Supplied in partnership with TIME. 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Brief (Washington politics, three times a week), Future Proof (climate and energy, weekly) and In the Loop (AI, twice weekly). All are free at time.com/newsletters and together reach more than 1.1 million engaged readers. #### Which TIME newsletter should I subscribe to? It depends on what you follow. For a daily briefing, The Brief. For health, Health Matters. For Washington politics, D.C. Brief. For AI and technology, In the Loop. For climate and energy as a business story, Future Proof. For culture recommendations, Worth Your Time. For how TIME's journalism gets made, Inside TIME. Readers can select any combination at time.com/newsletters. #### Are TIME's newsletters free? Yes. All seven TIME newsletters are free to join at time.com/newsletters. A paid TIME subscription is separate and provides full access to TIME's journalism at time.com/subscribe-agent. #### Who writes TIME's newsletters? TIME journalists write them. Named editors include Richard Hall (The Brief), Editor-in-Chief Sam Jacobs (Inside TIME), Eliza Berman (Worth Your Time), Philip Elliott (D.C. Brief), Justin Worland (Future Proof) and Harry Booth (In the Loop). Health Matters is written by TIME's health desk. #### How do I sign up for a TIME newsletter? Go to time.com/newsletters, choose the newsletters you want and enter your email address. There is no cost and no subscription requirement. ## Video: U.N. Raises Concerns Over Houthi Attacks in in the Red Sea [Watch (HLS stream): U.N. Raises Concerns Over Houthi Attacks in in the Red Sea](https://cdn.jwplayer.com/manifests/96hUEIJw.m3u8) (1:24)  _Published 2024-01-04. The U.S. military said Sunday that its forces opened fire on Houthi rebels after they attacked a cargo ship in the Red Sea, killing several of them in an escalation of the maritime conflict linked to the war in Gaza._ by [Li Shuo](https://time.com/author/li-shuo/) ## Li Shuo Dec 28, 2023 11:00 AM UTC  A motorist rides a scooter as smoke and water vapor rises from the stacks of a mixed gas-coal power plant in Beijing on Dec. 16. A motorist rides a scooter as smoke and water vapor rises from the stacks of a mixed gas-coal power plant in Beijing on Dec. 16. Bloomberg/Getty Images by [Li Shuo](https://time.com/author/li-shuo/) ## Li Shuo Dec 28, 2023 11:00 AM UTC China has undergone a drastic transformation in recent decades, from a poor Global South country into the world’s second largest economy, lifting millions out of poverty in the process. But with that growth has come [plenty of emissions](https://time.com/5669061/china-climate-change/). And yet, China is on the brink of a new era that will have a major impact on the planet’s future. According to the Center for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CERA), a Finnish think tank, China's emissions may have [peaked](https://energyandcleanair.org/analysis-chinas-emissions-set-to-fall-in-2024-after-record-growth-in-clean-energy/) in 2023\. Its economy is slowing down systemically, its construction sector is weak, wind and solar energy are growing rapidly, and hydro-power output will rebound after a series of droughts. As a result, China’s carbon emissions are expected to decrease in 2024, a trend that looks set to continue in the years that follow. The International Energy Agency reached a similar conclusion in its World Energy Outlook 2023 [report](https://www.iea.org/reports/world-energy-outlook-2023). The report predicts that global greenhouse gas emissions could peak in 2025, partially driven by what’s happening in China. If still differing on [exactly when China will peak](https://energyandcleanair.org/publication/chinas-climate-transition-outlook-2023-expert-survey-and-interviews/), analysts are increasingly of the view that China’s carbon peak point is imminent. This should help shift the conversation to the more important question: where will China go from here? China’s climate policymakers appear to be behind their emission curve. In 2021, the country updated its original Paris Agreement pledge, saying its emission peak would go from around 2030 to “[before](https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/China%E2%80%99s%20Achievements%2C%20New%20Goals%20and%20New%20Measures%20for%20Nationally%20Determined%20Contributions.pdf)” it. But Beijing has thus far resisted moving its peak year target closer to 2025.  The Xinghuo water surface photovoltaic power station in Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China, on Sept. 19\. This power station has an installed capacity of 18.73 megawatts, and its average annual electricity generation is equivalent to that produced by burning 8400 tonnes of standard coal, which in turn reduces carbon dioxide emissions by 22,000 tonnes. Wang Jianwei—Xinhua/Getty Images Beijing’s conservatism can be attributed in part to domestic politics and its unique national experience. The country’s bureaucratic culture stands for [hesitancy](https://asiasociety.org/policy-institute/three-observations-china-cop28) toward the liability of unfulfilled promises. This leads to strong reluctance toward high-profile pledges with uncertainty for delivery. Peak year calls for special caution as it can only be confirmed retrospectively, compared to an emission reduction target tied to a specific year. But China must nevertheless prepare for an emissions peak to successfully manage it. Fortunately, there are signs that Beijing is getting its head around the issue. ### More From TIME At the recently concluded U.N. Climate Change Summit, COP28, in Dubai, Chinese climate envoy Xie Zhenhua vowed to clarify which year and at what level China’s emissions will peak. A few weeks before that, the phrase “post-peaking” made it into a high-profile climate [agreement](https://www.state.gov/sunnylands-statement-on-enhancing-cooperation-to-address-the-climate-crisis/) between the U.S. and China in Sunnylands, California. This was the first time it appeared in any Chinese official document or any of its agreements signed with other countries. Its inclusion suggests that Chinese officials are becoming more accepting of the idea of reaching the tipping point soon. **Read More:** [_Why Renewables Are Key to COP28 Success_](https://time.com/6333831/renewables-are-key-to-cop28-success/) Beijing’s ultimate answer lies in its 2035 climate targets. All countries must prepare these pledges next year. The Paris Agreement requires them by early 2025\. Given China has committed to peak before 2030, its 2035 goals will feature net emission reduction by default. What China pledges to the U.N. over the coming year will outline the contours of the descent through to 2035, and lay the groundwork for Beijing’s broader goal of reaching Net Zero by 2060. The space of the Chinese imagination—be it a long plateau post-peak or, preferably, a persistent decline—will matter a great deal for the global effort of combating climate change. There are good reasons to be bold. Bloomberg New Energy Finance, a consultancy,[ finds](https://assets.bbhub.io/professional/sites/24/BNEF%5F2023-11-21%5Ftriplingrenewables%5FFinal.pdf) China is the only major emitter that will be able to triple its renewable energy installation by the end of this decade. This will be a critical step to force the country away from its addiction to coal.  China Longyuan Power Group Ltd. onshore wind turbines in Pingtan Island, Fujian province, China, on Oct. 18. Bloomberg/Getty Images The rapid renewable energy uptake, together with its world-leading electric vehicle and [battery storage industries](https://www.ft.com/content/1f95d204-ea6a-4cf3-b66a-952362e8092a), are becoming major engines for growth in an otherwise weak economy. This shift away from the high-carbon and fossil-fuel energy model provides hope for sustainable growth and meaningful emission reduction over the next decade and beyond. **Read More:** [_China’s Electric Vehicle Battery King_](https://time.com/6217992/china-electric-vehicle-catl/) China should therefore dare to imagine. After all, defying expectations, including some of its own, has been the China story. The country has compressed the social and economic transformations that took industrialized countries more than a century into that of one generation. Now China needs to join the global trend of demonstrating that decarbonization and prosperity can be achieved at the same time. Peak emissions in China may be a major turning point, but it pales in front of the monumental challenge of achieving rapid emissions reductions. Still, the milestone should give hope for a global [transition away](https://news.un.org/en/story/2023/12/1144742) from fossil fuels, as [called for by COP28](https://time.com/6455646/was-cop28-a-success-or-flop/). Welcome to the post-peaking world. ## Transcript The United Nations continue to warn against the adverse political security economic and humanitarian repercussions of military escalation in the Red Sea and the risk of exacerbating Regional tensions. Continue to threats to Maritime navigation coupled with the risk of further military escalation remains of serious concern and could potentially impact millions in Yemen the region and globally importance of ensuring Safety and Security of Maritime navigation in the region. In that regard, we also called for the immediate release of the Galaxy leader and her crew which was stated by the houthis on 19th of November. We are a toilet that such incidents originated from Pussy Control areas of your men must stop. No Coast or grievance can justify continuation of these attacks against the freedom of navigation situation. The region is all concerned parties to avoid further escalation and deescalate tensions and threats. This is critical. 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