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title: Martin Luther King Jr's Death: Read the Eulogy
description: This eulogy was given by Morehouse College's former President Benjamin Mays, whom King had picked in advance to deliver his funeral remarks.
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author: Olivia B. Waxman
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article:published_time: 2018-04-04T12:00:19.000Z
article:modified_time: 2026-10-12T09:05:03.334Z
article:section: History
og:title: Martin Luther King Jr's Death: Read the Eulogy
og:description: "Although there are some who rejoice in his death, there are millions across the length and breadth of this world who are smitten with grief"
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twitter:title: Martin Luther King Jr's Death: Read the Eulogy
twitter:description: "Although there are some who rejoice in his death, there are millions across the length and breadth of this world who are smitten with grief"
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# Only One Official Eulogy Was Delivered at Martin Luther King Jr.'s Public Funeral. Read the Full Text Here

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## Video: A Lasting Legacy

[Watch (HLS stream): A Lasting Legacy](https://cdn.jwplayer.com/manifests/NGyDN8dT.m3u8) (6:49)

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_Published 2013-08-13. Five decades after the March on Washington, Martin Luther King Jr.’s dream of social justice for all is still a work in progress._


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## TIME Staff


Staff Writer

Apr 4, 2018 12:00 PM UTC

Five decades after the March on Washington, Martin Luther King Jr.’s dream of social justice for all is still a work in progress. 

![TIME Staff](https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/bltf3c95204947ba81f/6989408e97cdff3ae16b6e48/o_waxman.jpg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=1:1)

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## TIME Staff


Staff Writer

Apr 4, 2018 12:00 PM UTC

_Five days after the Rev. Martin Luther King’s_ [_assassination in_](http://time.com/5221565/martin-luther-king-last-campaign/)[_Memphis_](http://time.com/5221565/martin-luther-king-last-campaign/) _on April 4, 1968, Baptist Minister Benjamin Mays delivered the eulogy — the only such speech in the public funeral service — for the champion of nonviolent resistance. The choice of speaker was no surprise._ _King had once described Mays, who was President of Morehouse College in Atlanta when King was a student there, as “my spiritual mentor and my intellectual father.” TIME had once described Mays_ [_“perhaps the best-known Negro educator in the U.S.”_](http://time.com/vault/issue/1961-12-15/page/13/) _and the two were so close that they “had agreed that the one who survived would deliver the last verdict on the other,”_ [_TIME reported in its coverage of the funeral_](http://time.com/vault/issue/1968-04-19/page/1/)_._


[_Step Into History: Learn how to experience the 1963 March on Washington in virtual reality_](http://www.time.com/the-march)

_Read Mays’ speech below:_ 

To be honored by being requested to give the eulogy at the funeral of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. is like asking one to eulogize his deceased son — so close and so precious was he to me. Our friendship goes back to his student days at Morehouse. It is not an easy task; nevertheless I accept it, with a sad heart and with full knowledge of my inadequacy to do justice to this man. It was my desire that if I predeceased Dr. King, he would pay tribute to me on my final day. It was his wish that if he predeceased me, I would deliver the homily at his funeral. Fate has decreed that I eulogize him. I wish it might have been otherwise; for, after all I am three score years and 10 and Martin Luther is dead at 39.

Although there are some who rejoice in his death, there are millions across the length and breadth of this world who are smitten with grief that this friend of mankind — all mankind — has been cut down in the flower of his youth. So, multitudes here and in foreign lands, queens, kings, heads of governments, the clergy of the world, and the common man everywhere, are praying that God will be with the family, the American people, and the president of the United States in this tragic hour. We hope that this universal concern will bring comfort to the family — for grief is like a heavy load: when shared it is easier to bear. We come today to help the family carry the load.


We have assembled here from every section of this great nation and from other parts of the world to give thanks to God that He gave to America, at this moment in history, Martin Luther King Jr. Truly God is no respecter of persons. How strange! God called the grandson of a slave on his father’s side, and the grandson of a man born during the Civil War on his mother’s side, and said to him: Martin Luther, speak to America about war and peace; about social justice and racial discrimination; about its obligation to the poor; and about nonviolence as a way of perfecting social change in a world of brutality and war.

Here was a man who believed with all of his might that the pursuit of violence at any time is ethically and morally wrong; that God and the moral weight of the universe are against it; that violence is self-defeating; and that only love and forgiveness can break the vicious circle of revenge. He believed that nonviolence would prove effective in the abolition of injustice in politics, in economics, in education, and in race relations. He was convinced, also, that people could not be moved to abolish voluntarily the inhumanity of man to man by mere persuasion and pleading, but that they could be moved to do so by dramatizing the evil through massive nonviolent resistance. He believed that nonviolent direct action was necessary to supplement the nonviolent victories won in federal courts. He believed that the nonviolent approach to solving social problems would ultimately prove to be redemptive.

Out of this conviction, history records the marches in Montgomery, Birmingham, Selma, Chicago and other cities. He gave people an ethical and moral way to engage in activities designed to perfect social change without bloodshed and violence; and when violence did erupt it was that which is potential in any protest which aims to uproot deeply entrenched wrongs. No reasonable person would deny that the activities and the personality of Martin Luther King Jr. contributed largely to the success of the student sit-in movements in abolishing segregation in downtown establishments; and that his activities contributed mightily to the passage of the Civil Rights legislation of 1964 and 1965.

Martin Luther King Jr. believed in a united America. He believed that the walls of separation brought on by legal and de facto segregation, and discrimination based on race and color, could be eradicated. As he said in his Washington Monument address: “I have a dream.”


He had faith in his country. He died striving to desegregate and integrate America to the end that this great nation of ours, born in revolution and blood, conceived in liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created free and equal, will truly become the lighthouse of freedom where none will be denied because his skin is black and none favored because his eyes are blue; where our nation will be militarily strong but perpetually at peace; economically secure but just; learned but wise; where the poorest — the garbage collectors — will have bread enough and to spare; where no one will be poorly housed; each educated up to his capacity; and where the richest will understand the meaning of empathy. This was his dream, and the end toward which he strove. As he and his followers so often sang: “We shall overcome someday; black and white together.”

Let it be thoroughly understood that our deceased brother did not embrace nonviolence out of fear or cowardice. Moral courage was one of his noblest virtues. As Mahatma Gandhi challenged the British Empire without a sword and won, Martin Luther King Jr. challenged the interracial wrongs of his country without a gun. And he had the faith to believe that he would win the battle for social justice. I make bold to assert that it took more courage for King to practice nonviolence than it took his assassin to fire the fatal shot. The assassin is a coward: He committed his dastardly deed and fled. When Martin Luther disobeyed an unjust law, he accepted the consequences of his actions. He never ran away and he never begged for mercy. He returned to the Birmingham jail to serve his time.


Perhaps he was more courageous than soldiers who fight and die on the battlefield. There is an element of compulsion in their dying. But when Martin Luther faced death again and again, and finally embraced it, there was no external pressure. He was acting on an inner compulsion that drove him on. More courageous than those who advocate violence as a way out, for they carry weapons of destruction for defense. But Martin Luther faced the dogs, the police, jail, heavy criticism, and finally death; and he never carried a gun, not even a knife to defend himself. He had only his faith in a just God to rely on; and the belief that “thrice is he armed who has his quarrels just.” The faith that Browning writes about when he says:

“One who never turned his back but marched breast forward, / Never doubted clouds would break, / Never dreamed, though right were worsted, wrong would triumph, / Held we fall to rise, and baffled to fight better, / Sleep to wake.”


Coupled with moral courage was Martin Luther King Jr.’s capacity to love people. Though deeply committed to a program of freedom for Negroes, he had love and concern for all kinds of peoples.

He drew no distinction between the high and low; none between the rich and the poor. He believed especially that he was sent to champion the cause of the man farthest down. He would probably say that if death had to come, I am sure there was no greater cause to die for than fighting to get a just wage for garbage collectors. He was supra-race, supra-nation, supra-denomination, supra-class and supra-culture. He belonged to the world and to mankind. Now he belongs to posterity.

But there is a dichotomy in all this. This man was loved by some and hated by others. If any man knew the meaning of suffering, King knew. House bombed; living day by day for 13 years under constant threats of death; maliciously accused of being a Communist; falsely accused of being insincere and seeking limelight for his own glory; stabbed by a member of his own race; slugged in a hotel lobby; jailed 30 times; occasionally deeply hurt because his friends betrayed him — and yet this man had no bitterness in his heart, no rancor in his soul, no revenge in his mind; and he went up and down the length and breadth of this world preaching nonviolence and the redemptive power of love. He believed with all of his heart, mind and soul that the way to peace and brotherhood is through nonviolence, love and suffering.


He was severely criticized for his opposition to the war in Vietnam. It must be said, however, that one could hardly expect a prophet of Dr. King’s commitments to advocate nonviolence at home and violence in Vietnam. Nonviolence to King was total commitment not only in solving the problems of race in the United States, but the problems of the world.

Surely this man was called of God to do this work. If Amos and Micah were prophets in the eighth century B.C., Martin Luther King Jr. was a prophet in the 20th century. If Isaiah was called of God to prophesy in his day, Martin Luther was called of God to prophesy in his time. If Hosea was sent to preach love and forgiveness centuries ago, Martin Luther was sent to expound the doctrine of nonviolence and forgiveness in the third quarter of the 20th century. If Jesus was called to preach the Gospel to the poor, Martin Luther was called to give dignity to the common man. If a prophet is one who interprets in clear and intelligible language the will of God, Martin Luther King Jr. fits that designation. If a prophet is one who does not seek popular causes to espouse, but rather the causes he thinks are right, Martin Luther qualified on that score.


No! He was not ahead of his time. No man is ahead of his time. Every man is within his star, each in his time. Each man must respond to the call of God in his lifetime and not in somebody else’s time. Jesus had to respond to the call of God in the first century A.D., and not in the 20th century. He had but one life to live. He couldn’t wait. How long do you think Jesus would have had to wait for the constituted authorities to accept him? Twenty-five years? A hundred years? A thousand? He died at 33\. He couldn’t wait. Paul, Galileo, Copernicus, Martin Luther the Protestant reformer, Gandhi and Nehru couldn’t wait for another time. They had to act in their lifetimes. No man is ahead of his time. Abraham, leaving his country in the obedience to God’s call; Moses leading a rebellious people to the Promised Land; Jesus dying on a cross, Galileo on his knees recanting; Lincoln dying of an assassin’s bullet; Woodrow Wilson crusading for a League of Nations; Martin Luther King Jr. dying fighting for justice for garbage collectors — none of these men were ahead of their time. With them the time was always ripe to do that which was right and that which needed to be done.


Too bad, you say, that Martin Luther King Jr. died so young. I feel that way, too. But, as I have said many times before, it isn’t how long one lives, but how well. It’s what one accomplishes for mankind that matters. Jesus died at 33; Joan of Arc at 19; Byron and Burns at 36; Keats at 25; Marlow at 29; Shelley at 30; Dunbar before 35; John Fitzgerald Kennedy at 46; William Rainey Harper at 49; and Martin Luther King Jr. at 39.

We all pray that the assassin will be apprehended and brought to justice. But, make no mistake, the American people are in part responsible for Martin Luther King Jr.’s death. The assassin heard enough condemnation of King and of Negroes to feel that he had public support. He knew that millions hated King.

The Memphis officials must bear some of the guilt for Martin Luther’s assassination. The strike should have been settled several weeks ago. The lowest paid men in our society should not have to strike for a more just wage. A century after Emancipation, and after the enactment of the 13th, 14th and 15th Amendments, it should not have been necessary for Martin Luther King Jr. to stage marches in Montgomery, Birmingham and Selma, and go to jail 30 times trying to achieve for his people those rights which people of lighter hue get by virtue of their being born white. We, too, are guilty of murder. It is time for the American people to repent and make democracy equally applicable to all Americans. What can we do? We, and not the assassin, represent America at its best. We have the power — not the prejudiced, not the assassin — to make things right.


If we love Martin Luther King Jr., and respect him, as this crowd surely testifies, let us see to it that he did not die in vain; let us see to it that we do not dishonor his name by trying to solve our problems through rioting in the streets.

Violence was foreign to his nature. He warned that continued riots could produce a fascist state. But let us see to it also that the conditions that cause riots are promptly removed, as the president of the United States is trying to get us to do so. Let black and white alike search their hearts; and if there be prejudice in our hearts against any racial or ethnic group, let us exterminate it and let us pray, as Martin Luther King Jr. would pray if he could: “Father, forgive them for they know not what they do.” If we do this, Martin Luther King Jr. will have died a redemptive death from which all mankind will benefit….

I close by saying to you what Martin Luther King Jr. believed: If physical death was the price he had to pay to rid America of prejudice and injustice, nothing could be more redemptive. And, to paraphrase the words of the immortal John Fitzgerald Kennedy, permit me to say that Martin Luther King Jr.’s unfinished work on earth must truly be our own.


_From_ Born to Rebel: An Autobiography by Benjamin E. Mays. _Copyright 1971 by Benjamin E. Mays. Used by permission of the University of Georgia Press._


## Transcript

>> I remember the day when the March in Washington was all over. We went back down to the White House. President Kennedy invited us back down. And he stood in the door of the Oval Office and greeted each one of us. He was like a proud beaming father that everything had gone so well.

>> For months after that, we just saw a really harvested-- the emotional joy of what we have done.

>> The joy that we took home with us out of that-- out of that arena inspired us to start thinking about what could we do beyond what we were doing already. And the lesson is not to stop, not to give up.

>> If you asked us back then that Barack Obama would be in the White House today, we would say no way.

>> When people laughed as Dr. King suggested, we wouldn't have went back home back to the heart of the deep south to intensify efforts to gain a vote, to get a Civil Rights Bill passed, but 18 days after the march was the terrible bombing of the church in Birmingham. About 4 girls were killed on a Sunday morning. That was a sad and dark hour for the movement, but it stirred to us that we had more work to do.

>> I'll just say that it encouraged us more. These people are reacting this way against us because we're being effective and so we're gonna keep on doing. We're gonna do even more if we can. We won't let this stop us. We won't let this turn us around.

>> We did get the Civil Rights Bill. Eventually, we did get a vote on our side. The quality of life for many people remained the same for many, many years. Other ways to really stop a movement is to kill off its thinkers and they killed Dr. King and they killed Medgar Evers and they killed Bobby Kennedy and John Kennedy. All this was in one fell swoop, eliminated.

>> After the civil rights movement, which moved into the entire world movement, other movements were gaining enormous energy, so the women's movement, the environmental movement took shape. The anti- apartheid movement and the will and the belief that they could be successful emanated from the remarkable ability of the civil rights movement to progress.

>> I recognized very quickly that the young people and the other people who were in the Occupy Wall Street Movement, they were the stepchildren of Martin Luther King, Jr. They were the stepchildren of the March in Washington. They were trying to raise the consciousness of the country to the inequitable distribution of wealth opportunities very much in the same way that he was trying to do it.

>> We need to lead to get out front on some of the big issues and to be a headlight and not a taillight. And people who are speaking up today for immigration reform, for gay rights, control of the proliferation of guns, they have shown some courage.

>> The action of the Supreme Court 5 in gutting the essence of the-- of the Voting Rights Act, it's an enormous reversal. It's been one of the most successful pieces of legislation in modern history.

>> Enormous change takes time and you have to continue to battle. You don't win a lawsuit or win yet another law in the books and then fold your tents and go home. Oh no, you know, the struggle continues.

>> I was part of this mobilization that has never been duplicated again and I wonder why. I wonder why. I'm not blaming young people. Well, yes, I am. But they ought to be doing a bit more.

>> I really thought that feeling around Obama was so important to know that it existed.

>> I, in retrospect, wish that we've managed to keep him from running for office 'cause he could have run a movement. I think he would have had a better chance at making social change happen if he had approached it and, you know, the way King did.

>> What I say to a lot of young people who speak about the fact that the civil rights movement is somehow a thing of the past, I say, " Let me paint a picture for you ." Almost all the movement in that period, almost all critical thought, almost all critical decisions are made by the young. They can wanna take a look at John Lewis and where he was. He was 18. You could take a look at Julian Bond. He was 18. You could take a look at Diane Nash. She was pregnant and then leading a movement. She was the one who designed the freedom rights. And none of these people [ unk ] with political design and with clear thought.

These were simple ordinary folks. When young people say, " Where do we find our leaders? Where are the Dr. Kings ?" Well, look where Dr. King resided and where he was found in the first instance and maybe you'll find that there's some more Dr. Kings there.

>> I credit the fact that I got schooled, I got brought up in the movement-- in the civil rights movement to give me the perspective.

>> That march laid the basis for the modern battles for human rights all across the globe. It cannot be underestimated the fact that individual ordinary people from across America made up their minds, they were gonna step into that movement and step into the streets and come to Washington to raise their grievances in the finest traditions of American democracy.

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