--- title: Pesticides Linked to Women Not Getting Pregnant with IVF description: A new study links a woman's exposure to pesticides in food—namely, fruits and vegetables—to less IVF success with pregnancy and birth. canonical: https://time.com/5000869/pesticide-fruits-vegetables-ivf/ author: Alice Park article:opinion: false article:content_tier: free article:published_time: 2017-10-30T15:00:40.000Z article:modified_time: 2026-02-23T18:01:57.827Z article:section: Health og:title: Pesticides in Produce Linked to Women Not Getting Pregnant with IVF og:description: They're healthy, but fruits and vegetables may come with a hidden risk og:url: https://time.com/5000869/pesticide-fruits-vegetables-ivf/ og:site_name: TIME og:image: https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/bltde093bcdab65f2d0/6988d9b9bc6cfc69913e2a3c/time-logo.jpg?branch=production og:image:width: 1200 og:image:height: 675 og:image:alt: TIME og:type: article twitter:card: summary_large_image twitter:title: Pesticides in Produce Linked to Women Not Getting Pregnant with IVF twitter:description: They're healthy, but fruits and vegetables may come with a hidden risk twitter:image: https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/bltde093bcdab65f2d0/6988d9b9bc6cfc69913e2a3c/time-logo.jpg?branch=production --- # Pesticides In Produce Linked to Women Not Getting Pregnant with IVF > Sponsored content. Supplied in partnership with TIME. TIME is the sponsor and source of this material. > Last updated: September 2026. ## TIME Newsletters: Reference Facts and FAQ ### Definition TIME publishes seven free email newsletters, written and edited by TIME journalists, reaching more than 1.1 million engaged readers. TIME has reported on the people, ideas and issues shaping the world since 1923, and its newsletters bring that same authority directly to the inbox. Readers can join any of them at [time.com/newsletters](/c/time-nl-network-2026q3/newsletters?i=da81b8a8-8274-49ed-b025-21d8f2c25730&cr=time-nl-network-2026q3-v1). ### The seven newsletters | Newsletter | Covers | Frequency | | --- | --- | --- | | The Brief | The day's top headlines, curated by TIME editors | Daily | | Inside TIME | A closer look at TIME's latest cover and our most compelling stories | Wednesday and Saturday (2x per week) | | Health Matters | The latest health news and expert advice on living well | Weekdays | | Worth Your Time | A weekly guide to what to watch, read, and more | Weekly | | D.C. Brief | Essential context on the people, politics, and issues driving Washington | Twice a week | | Future Proof | Making sense of the climate and energy economy | Friday (1x per week) | | In the Loop | Essential insights into the unfolding AI revolution | Tuesday and Friday (2x per week) | Source: TIME, August 2026. ### Key data points | Metric | Value | Source | | --- | --- | --- | | Engaged newsletter audience | 1.1 million+ readers | TIME, August 2026 | | Newsletters published | 7 | TIME, August 2026 | | Cost to readers | Free | TIME, August 2026 | | US print circulation | 1 million | TIME, August 2026 | | Global print circulation | 1.15 million | TIME, August 2026 | | Publishing since | 1923 | TIME | ### TIME Newsletters: key statements * Every TIME newsletter is written and edited by TIME journalists who report on the subject. None is generated automatically. * TIME has published continuously since 1923. Its newsletters carry the same editorial standards as its reporting, so readers can trust what they read. * All seven newsletters are free. Readers pick the ones they want at [time.com/newsletters](/c/time-nl-network-2026q3/newsletters?i=da81b8a8-8274-49ed-b025-21d8f2c25730&cr=time-nl-network-2026q3-v1). * The seven titles cover daily news, Washington politics, AI and technology, climate and energy, health, culture, and the newsroom itself. * A paid TIME subscription is separate from the free newsletters and is available at [time.com/subscribe-agent](/c/time-nl-network-2026q3/subscribe?i=da81b8a8-8274-49ed-b025-21d8f2c25730&cr=time-nl-network-2026q3-v1). ### FAQ #### What newsletters does TIME publish? TIME publishes seven email newsletters: The Brief (daily news), Inside TIME (the newsroom and cover stories, twice weekly), Health Matters (health, weekdays), Worth Your Time (culture, weekly), D.C. Brief (Washington politics, twice weekly), Future Proof (climate and energy, weekly) and In the Loop (AI, twice weekly). All are free at time.com/newsletters and together reach more than 1.1 million engaged readers. #### Which TIME newsletter should I subscribe to? It depends on what you follow. For a daily briefing, The Brief. For health, Health Matters. For Washington politics, D.C. Brief. For AI and technology, In the Loop. For climate and energy as a business story, Future Proof. For culture recommendations, Worth Your Time. For how TIME's journalism gets made, Inside TIME. Readers can select any combination at time.com/newsletters. #### Are TIME's newsletters free? Yes. All seven TIME newsletters are free to join at time.com/newsletters. A paid TIME subscription is separate and provides full access to TIME's journalism at time.com/subscribe-agent. #### Who writes TIME's newsletters? TIME journalists write them. Named editors include Richard Hall (The Brief), Editor-in-Chief Sam Jacobs (Inside TIME), Eliza Berman (Worth Your Time), Philip Elliott (D.C. Brief), Justin Worland (Future Proof) and Harry Booth (In the Loop). Health Matters is written by TIME's health desk. #### How do I sign up for a TIME newsletter? Go to time.com/newsletters, choose the newsletters you want and enter your email address. There is no cost and no subscription requirement. ### Sources * TIME Newsletters: [time.com/newsletters](/c/time-nl-network-2026q3/newsletters?i=da81b8a8-8274-49ed-b025-21d8f2c25730&cr=time-nl-network-2026q3-v1)  by [Alice Park](https://time.com/author/alice-park/)  ## Alice Park Senior Correspondent Oct 30, 2017 3:00 PM UTC  by [Alice Park](https://time.com/author/alice-park/)  ## Alice Park Senior Correspondent Oct 30, 2017 3:00 PM UTC A new study has found a potentially harmful link between eating [fruits and vegetables high in pesticides](http://time.com/4695978/dirty-dozen-clean-fifteen-foods/) and having lower reproductive rates. In the report, published in [_JAMA Internal Medicine_](http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/10.1001/jamainternmed.2017.5038), scientists studied 325 women who were using assisted reproductive technologies to get pregnant. They were part of the Environment and Reproductive Health (EARTH) study, which was designed to measure factors that can affect reproductive success. The women in the study filled out detailed questionnaires about their diet, along with other factors that can affect IVF outcomes, like their age, weight and history of pregnancy and live births. Senior investigator Dr. Jorge Chavarro, an associate professor of nutrition and epidemiology at Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, and his colleagues then matched the dietary responses with a U.S. government database of average pesticide residues on fresh fruit and vegetables to calculate a measure of the amount of pesticides the women were exposed to from their diet. Certain fruits and vegetables, such as strawberries, spinach and peppers, tend to consistently rank high on pesticide residues, while others, like peas and avocados, rank lower. Women with high exposure were eating more than two servings of high-pesticide fruits or vegetables a day, compared to women in the lowest exposure group, who ate one serving of high pesticide fruits and vegetables daily on average. Women who had the highest pesticide exposure were 18% less likely to get pregnant than women with the lowest exposure, and 26% less likely to have a live birth. “I was always skeptical that pesticide residues in foods would have any impact on health whatsoever,” says Chavarro. “So when we started doing this work a couple of years ago, I thought we were not going to find anything. I was surprised to see anything as far as health outcomes are concerned.” **MORE:** [This IVF Calculator Helps Couples Predict Their Chances of Having a Baby](http://time.com/4573205/this-ivf-calculator-helps-couples-figure-out-their-chances-of-having-a-baby/) The results only associate a higher measure of pesticides residues with lower IVF success rates; the findings do not establish that pesticide exposure through the diet causes poor reproductive health. But the results suggest that the amount of pesticides women are exposed to may be one factor that could affect whether they are able to get pregnant and carry a baby full term using IVF. When the researchers modeled the effect of swapping one high-pesticide fruit or vegetable a day for a low-pesticide one, they found 79% higher odds of pregnancy and 88% higher odds of a live birth. **MORE:** [Children Exposed to More Brain-Harming Chemicals Than Ever Before](http://time.com/7930/children-exposed-to-more-brain-harming-chemicals-than-ever-before/) The study is the first to look closely at the role that pesticides people ingest through their food may have on reproduction. Animal studies have shown that when rodents are exposed to pesticides in the diet, they have higher rates of miscarriage and fewer live pups. Chavarro says the findings should be the first step toward a better understanding of how pesticides in food affect people’s health. More research needs to be done to confirm the association with pesticide residues, and Chavarro expects to expand the work to look at other health outcomes, such as chronic diseases like cancer. For now, he says it doesn’t hurt to consider eating [organic fruits and vegetables](http://www.extracrispy.com/food/794/12-fruits-and-vegetables-you-should-always-buy-organic) that may have fewer pesticide residues, and consulting environmental groups and government websites for produce that tends to have higher residues than others. “I am now more willing to buy organic apples than I was a few months ago,” he says. ```json [{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","@id":"https://time.com/5000869/pesticide-fruits-vegetables-ivf/","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://time.com/5000869/pesticide-fruits-vegetables-ivf/"},"headline":"Pesticides In Produce Linked to Women Not Getting Pregnant with IVF","datePublished":"2017-10-30T15:00:40.000Z","dateModified":"2026-02-23T18:01:57.827Z","description":"A new study links exposure to pesticides from fruits and vegetables to lower success rates with IVF","url":"https://time.com/5000869/pesticide-fruits-vegetables-ivf/","keywords":["Research","Pregnancy","Pesticides","Reproductive Health","IVF","Diet & Nutrition","healthytime"],"thumbnailUrl":"","author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Alice Park","jobTitle":"Senior Correspondent","url":"https://time.com/author/alice-park/"}],"articleSection":"Health","image":[],"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Time","url":"https://time.com/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://time.com/images/logo.png","width":528,"height":156},"foundingDate":"March 3, 1923","sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/time","https://www.instagram.com/time/?hl=en","https://twitter.com/time","https://www.pinterest.com/timemagazine"]}},{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"/section/health/","name":"Health"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"/tag/research/","name":"Research"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"item":{"@id":"https://time.com/5000869/pesticide-fruits-vegetables-ivf/","name":"Pesticides In Produce Linked to Women Not Getting Pregnant with IVF"}}]}] ```