--- title: The Deuce on HBO and True History of the 1970s Porn Industry description: The '70s setting of The Deuce fits accurately with the real history of America's sex industry. Here's why that decade changed the business. canonical: https://time.com/4923536/the-deuce-hbo-pornography-history/ author: Olivia B. Waxman article:opinion: false article:content_tier: free article:published_time: 2017-09-08T13:00:24.000Z article:modified_time: 2026-02-23T17:14:44.141Z article:section: History og:title: 'The Deuce' and the Real History of Why the Porn Industry Flourished in the '70s og:description: How the '70s setting of the new HBO show fits with the real history of America's sex industry og:url: https://time.com/4923536/the-deuce-hbo-pornography-history/ og:site_name: TIME og:image: https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blt5366694ba32fc9ac/6988dc05ab6d775f1d6afa30/1550-1.jpg?branch=production&width=1095&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=16:9 og:image:width: 1095 og:image:height: 616 og:image:alt: 1550-1 og:type: article twitter:card: summary_large_image twitter:title: 'The Deuce' and the Real History of Why the Porn Industry Flourished in the '70s twitter:description: How the '70s setting of the new HBO show fits with the real history of America's sex industry twitter:image: https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blt5366694ba32fc9ac/6988dc05ab6d775f1d6afa30/1550-1.jpg?branch=production&width=1095&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=16:9 ---  # _The Deuce_ and the Real History of Why the Porn Industry Flourished in the '70s > Sponsored content. 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They are at time.com/newsletters and are separate from a paid subscription.  by [Olivia B. Waxman](https://time.com/author/olivia-b-waxman/)  ## Olivia B. Waxman Staff Writer Sep 8, 2017 1:00 PM UTC  The April 5, 1976, cover of TIME. The April 5, 1976, cover of TIME. Bill Pierce, Larry Schiller, and Julian Wasser  by [Olivia B. Waxman](https://time.com/author/olivia-b-waxman/)  ## Olivia B. Waxman Staff Writer Sep 8, 2017 1:00 PM UTC When HBO’s[ _The Deuce_ ](http://time.com/4929340/review-the-deuce-hbo/)premieres on Sunday, the show — starring James Franco and Maggie Gyllenhaal as aspiring pornography titans — will take viewers back to what the channel [bills as](http://www.hbo.com/the-deuce/about.html) “the rough-and-tumble world at the pioneering moments of what would become the billion-dollar American sex industry.” Though the story itself is fictional, its 1970s setting fits with the real history of the American porn business. And, despite the underground nature of the industry itself, that shift was something that citizens and the mainstream media couldn’t help but notice. In [a 1976 cover story ](http://time.com/vault/issue/1976-04-05/page/1/)that attempted the explain what was going on, TIME picked apart the many factors that were contributing to the phenomenon. By the magazine’s count, what was once a “marginal underground cottage industry” had become “an open, aggressive $2 billion-a-year” business. So what was going on in the 1970s that facilitated the rise of porn? _Read more:_ [_A Behind-the-Scenes Look at the Porn Industry in 1970_](http://time.com/3966147/pornography-industry-1970/) Obscenity standards had been [relaxing](http://time.com/4087851/lady-chatterleys-lover-1960/) for decades by that point, with a variety of court rulings offering conflicting decisions on the definition. Eventually, the question was left up to juries on a local level, but by that point many places had lost the motivation to attempt to prevent the progress of porn. “Most important was the general revolution in sexual attitudes that had altered many of the traditional American views of sex,” the story noted. “Another factor was the growing tendency of police and prosecutors to argue that campaigns against ‘victimless crime’ represented a misuse of limited resources that should be devoted to coping with the ever rising rates of murder, rape, robbery and mugging.” The forces that had once pushed to punish pornographers had lost their power and, as Manhattan District Attorney Robert Morgenthau put it simply, “Prosecutions are lengthy, expensive and often pointless.” As a result, many Americans had come to believe that there was no stopping pornography — which meant that the only question left to consider was whether (and how, if yes) the trend was harming the nation. The feature was careful, however, to note that porn was not invented in the ’70s: --- > “” --- But such concerns weren’t stopping the porn entrepreneurs of real history, and TIME profiled a number of them. “In 1967, Jim Mitchell, then 24, first tried his hand at making black-and-white porn films, using a borrowed 8-mm. camera and young men and women willing to copulate on screen for a few dollars a day,” one of the mini-bios explained. “In due course he and his younger brother Artie made it big with _Behind the Green Door_ (cost: $45,000; their gross: about $1 million), starring the ex-Ivory Soapbox Girl Marilyn Chambers. Now incorporated as the Mitchell Brothers Film Group, they are potentates of porn, operators of ten theaters in California and producers of the most expensive porn film ever, the $500,000 _Sodom and Gomorrah._“ ```json [{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","@id":"https://time.com/4923536/the-deuce-hbo-pornography-history/","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://time.com/4923536/the-deuce-hbo-pornography-history/"},"headline":"The Deuce and the Real History of Why the Porn Industry Flourished in the '70s","datePublished":"2017-09-08T13:00:24.000Z","dateModified":"2026-02-23T17:14:44.141Z","description":"How the '70s setting of the new HBO show fits with the real history of America's sex industry","url":"https://time.com/4923536/the-deuce-hbo-pornography-history/","keywords":["Television"],"thumbnailUrl":"https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blt5366694ba32fc9ac/6988dc05ab6d775f1d6afa30/1550-1.jpg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=1200:675&height=675","author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Olivia B. 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