--- description: Some doctors say a quirk in the Affordable Care Act is a dangerous incentive to prescribe potentially dangerous painkillers title: Obamacare Opioid Prescriptions Pain Management Surveys image: https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blt8eb95316d560aa35/69888ef10b72e33e456e8eef/obamacare-opioid-addiction.jpg?branch=production&width=3840&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=16:9 ---  * [Ideas](/section/ideas/) ## Ideas Update your preferences in [Account Settings](/account/preferences/) Close * [Drugs](/tag/drugs/) ## Drugs Update your preferences in [Account Settings](/account/preferences/) Close # How Obamacare Is Fueling America's Opioid Epidemic  by [Sean Gregory](/author/sean-gregory/)  ## Sean Gregory Update your preferences in [Account Settings](/account/preferences/) Close Senior Correspondent Apr 13, 2016 4:11 PM CUT  Oxycodone pain pills lie on display in Norwich, CT on March 23, 2016. Oxycodone pain pills lie on display in Norwich, CT on March 23, 2016.John Moore—Getty Images  by [Sean Gregory](/author/sean-gregory/)  ## Sean Gregory Update your preferences in [Account Settings](/account/preferences/) Close Senior Correspondent Apr 13, 2016 4:11 PM CUT Not long ago Dr. Bill Sullivan, an emergency-room physician in rural Spring Valley, Ill., refused to prescribe a potentially [habit-­forming painkiller](http://time.com/3908648/why-america-cant-kick-its-painkiller-problem/ "undefined") to a patient that had requested it by name. That might seem like a good thing since opioid addiction has [become a national epidemic](http://labs.time.com/story/watch-how-the-drug-overdose-epidemic-spread-in-america/?iid=sr-link7 "undefined"). But in fact, as a result of reforms put in place under the [Affordable Care Act,](http://www.hhs.gov/healthcare/about-the-law/read-the-law/index.html "undefined") he may have put his hospital at financial risk. As part of an Obama­care initiative meant to reward quality care, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) is allocating some $1.5 billion in Medicare payments to hospitals based on criteria that include patient-­satisfaction surveys. Among the questions: “During this hospital stay, how often did the hospital staff do everything they could to help you with your pain?” And: “How often was your pain well controlled?” **Read More:** [Watch How the Drug Overdose Epidemic Spread in America](http://labs.time.com/story/watch-how-the-drug-overdose-epidemic-spread-in-america/?iid=sr-link7 "undefined") To many physicians and lawmakers struggling to contain the nation’s opioid crisis, tying a patient’s feelings about pain management to a hospital’s bottom line is deeply ­misguided––if not downright dangerous. “The government is telling us we need to make sure a patient’s pain is under control,” says Dr. Nick Sawyer, a health-­policy fellow at the UC Davis department of emergency medicine. “It’s hard to make them happy without a narcotic. This policy is leading to ongoing opioid abuse.” That abuse has led to a [full-blown crisis](http://time.com/4274651/obama-opioid-addiction-summit/?iid=sr-link5 "undefined"). Since 1999, fatal prescription-­opioid overdoses in the U.S. have quadrupled. According to the [CDC](http://www.cdc.gov/drugoverdose/epidemic/index.html "undefined"), more than 47,000 Americans died of a drug overdose in 2014, a record high, and more than 60% of those deaths involved an opioid. U.S. emergency rooms now treat more than 1,000 people every day for misusing prescription opioids. Patient-satisfaction surveys are not the cause of this crisis, of course. But there is research to support some doctors’ contention that they’re making the problem worse. A 2012 study in the _Archives of Internal Medicine_ found that the most satisfied patients are more likely to spend more on prescription drugs and have higher mortality rates. In a 2014 survey published in _Patient Preference and Adherence_, over 48% of doctors reported prescribing inappropriate narcotic pain medication because of patient-­satisfaction questions. One doctor wrote that drug seekers “are well aware of the patient satisfaction scores and how they can use these threats and complaints to obtain narcotics.” **Read More:** [Why America Can’t Kick Its Painkiller Problem](http://time.com/3908648/why-america-cant-kick-its-painkiller-problem/ "undefined") CMS, which is part of the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), disputes any link between its surveys, a hospital’s reimbursement money and opioid abuse. In March, agency doctors wrote in _JAMA_ that the patient-­satisfaction survey accounted for 30% of a hospital’s total performance score in fiscal year 2015, with pain management one of eight equally weighted dimensions, along with factors like nurse communication and cleanliness and quietness. (CMS did not respond to interview requests.) Still, lawmakers are concerned. Republican Senator Susan Collins, whose home state of Maine saw a 27.3% rise in its [drug-­overdose death rate](http://www.pressherald.com/2015/12/30/new-state-figures-show-maine-overdose-deaths-continue-to-climb/ "undefined") from 2013 to 2014, has called for HHS to investigate the connection between the surveys and inappropriate prescriptions. “Health providers are telling me that these questions are written in a way that make them fear a lower reimbursement if patients did not answer them in the affirmative,” says Collins. “For a small rural hospital in Maine to lose a certain percentage of their Medicare reimbursements is a big deal.” In April, four Senators—two from each party—­sponsored a bill that would untie reimbursements from pain-­management questions. An earlier measure attracted bipartisan support in the House. Says West Virginia Representative Alex Mooney, who introduced the bill: “It’s a simple fix that can have significant results.” ```json [{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"OpinionNewsArticle","@id":"https://time.com/4292290/how-obamacare-is-fueling-americas-opioid-epidemic/","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://time.com/4292290/how-obamacare-is-fueling-americas-opioid-epidemic/"},"headline":"How Obamacare Is Fueling America's Opioid Epidemic","datePublished":"2016-04-13T16:11:58.000Z","dateModified":"2026-02-22T16:42:18.831Z","description":"Some doctors say a quirk in the program is a dangerous incentive to prescribe potentially dangerous painkillers","url":"https://time.com/4292290/how-obamacare-is-fueling-americas-opioid-epidemic/","keywords":["Drugs","Obamacare","Public Health"],"thumbnailUrl":"https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blt8eb95316d560aa35/69888ef10b72e33e456e8eef/obamacare-opioid-addiction.jpg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=1200:675&height=675","author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sean Gregory","jobTitle":"Senior Correspondent","url":"https://time.com/author/sean-gregory/"}],"articleSection":"Ideas","image":[{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blt8eb95316d560aa35/69888ef10b72e33e456e8eef/obamacare-opioid-addiction.jpg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=1200:675&height=675","width":1200,"height":675,"headline":"New England Towns Struggle With Opioid And Heroin Epidemic","caption":"Oxycodone pain pills prescribed for a patient with chronic pain lie on display in Norwich, CT on March 23, 2016.","creditText":"John Moore—Getty Images","representativeOfPage":true}],"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Time","url":"https://time.com/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://time.com/images/logo.png","width":528,"height":156},"foundingDate":"March 3, 1923","sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/time","https://www.instagram.com/time/?hl=en","https://twitter.com/time","https://www.pinterest.com/timemagazine"]}},{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"/section/ideas/","name":"Ideas"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"/tag/drugs/","name":"Drugs"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"item":{"@id":"https://time.com/4292290/how-obamacare-is-fueling-americas-opioid-epidemic/","name":"How Obamacare Is Fueling America's Opioid Epidemic"}}]},{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"VideoObject","name":"Supreme Court Upholds Obamacare Tax Subsidies","description":"Handing the Obama administration a victory, the U.S. Supreme Court voted 6-3 to uphold nationwide Affordable Care Act tax subsidies.","thumbnailUrl":"https://cdn.jwplayer.com/v2/media/N52WtovW/poster.jpg?width=720","uploadDate":"2015-06-25T14:51:23.000Z","contentUrl":"https://cdn.jwplayer.com/manifests/N52WtovW.m3u8","embedUrl":"https://time.com/4292290/how-obamacare-is-fueling-americas-opioid-epidemic/","duration":"PT54S","potentialAction":{"@type":"SeekToAction","target":"https://time.com/4292290/how-obamacare-is-fueling-americas-opioid-epidemic/?jw_start={seek_to_second_number}","startOffset-input":"required name=seek_to_second_number"}}] ```