--- title: Alexander Litvinenko: How Polonium-210 Affects the Body description: The substance is little known to the average person given that has few implications for most people's everyday lives canonical: https://time.com/4188829/polonium-210-body-alexander-litvinenko/ author: Justin Worland article:opinion: false article:content_tier: free article:published_time: 2016-01-21T18:06:07.000Z article:modified_time: 2026-02-22T14:20:13.812Z article:section: Science og:title: This Is What Polonium-210 Does to the Body og:description: The chemical killed former Russian agent Alexander Litvinenko og:url: https://time.com/4188829/polonium-210-body-alexander-litvinenko/ og:site_name: TIME og:image: https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/bltde093bcdab65f2d0/6988d9b9bc6cfc69913e2a3c/time-logo.jpg?branch=production og:image:width: 1200 og:image:height: 675 og:image:alt: TIME og:type: article twitter:card: summary_large_image twitter:title: This Is What Polonium-210 Does to the Body twitter:description: The chemical killed former Russian agent Alexander Litvinenko twitter:image: https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/bltde093bcdab65f2d0/6988d9b9bc6cfc69913e2a3c/time-logo.jpg?branch=production --- # This Is What Polonium-210 Does to the Body  by [Justin Worland](/author/justin-worland/)  ## Justin Worland Senior Correspondent Jan 21, 2016 6:06 PM CUT  by [Justin Worland](/author/justin-worland/)  ## Justin Worland Senior Correspondent Jan 21, 2016 6:06 PM CUT A judge in the United Kingdom confirmed Thursday that former Russian agent [Alexander Litvinenko](http://time.com/4188756/who-was-alexander-litvinenko/ "undefined"), who [died in London](http://time.com/4188295/putin-litvinenko-report-death/?xid=homepage "undefined") in 2006, was killed by a fatal dose of polonium-210. The finding once again brings radioactive substance polonium-210 to the headlines. A slew of of evidence makes the ruling not much of a surprise, but the substance itself is little known to the average person given that has few implications for most people’s everyday lives. Polonium-210 is found in the natural environment, and is used in in the oil industry and to produce nuclear weapons. But in all of these cases it’s found at low concentrations. The Russian spies that experts suspect are behind the poisoning of Litvinenko likely used government resources, including a nuclear reactor, to make the chemical that killed him. The dosage required to kill a person could easily be transported in a glass vial or another small container, according to the[ Royal Society of Chemistry](http://www.rsc.org/chemistryworld/Issues/2007/January/Polonium210.asp "undefined"). A quantity of the substance the size of a speck of dust would be enough to kill a person. The radioactive chemical travels throughout the body once ingested— in Litvineko’s case, it was put into his tea— and takes electrons from molecules in its path. Eventually, a person poisoned with the substance will die as the process of cell replication is diminished. Judge Robert Owen said Wednesday that the order to kill Litvinenko may have been approved by Russian President Vladimir Putin. Russia has denied the charge. ```json [{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","@id":"https://time.com/4188829/polonium-210-body-alexander-litvinenko/","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://time.com/4188829/polonium-210-body-alexander-litvinenko/"},"headline":"This Is What Polonium-210 Does to the Body","datePublished":"2016-01-21T18:06:07.000Z","dateModified":"2026-02-22T14:20:13.812Z","description":"The chemical killed former Russian agent Alexander Litvinenko","url":"https://time.com/4188829/polonium-210-body-alexander-litvinenko/","keywords":["chemicals"],"thumbnailUrl":"","author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Justin Worland","jobTitle":"Senior Correspondent","url":"https://time.com/author/justin-worland/"}],"articleSection":"Science","image":[],"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Time","url":"https://time.com/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://time.com/images/logo.png","width":528,"height":156},"foundingDate":"March 3, 1923","sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/time","https://www.instagram.com/time/?hl=en","https://twitter.com/time","https://www.pinterest.com/timemagazine"]}},{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"/section/science/","name":"Science"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"/tag/chemicals/","name":"chemicals"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"item":{"@id":"https://time.com/4188829/polonium-210-body-alexander-litvinenko/","name":"This Is What Polonium-210 Does to the Body"}}]}] ```