--- title: Hitler and Mussolini in 1938: Color Photos of Europe's Warmongers description: Color photos of Hitler and Mussolini in 1938 raise a disconcerting question: How could two such unappealing thugs pull the world into war? canonical: https://time.com/3879888/adolf-hitler-benito-mussolini-color-photos-of-chummy-warmongers/ author: Ben Cosgrove article:opinion: false article:content_tier: free article:published_time: 2014-05-19T02:23:44.000Z article:modified_time: 2026-05-11T05:03:42.200Z og:title: Hitler and Mussolini in 1938: Color Photos of Europe's Warmongers og:description: Color photos of Hitler and Mussolini in 1938 raise a disconcerting question: How could two such unappealing thugs pull the world into war? og:url: https://time.com/3879888/adolf-hitler-benito-mussolini-color-photos-of-chummy-warmongers/ og:site_name: TIME og:image: https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blt972a9635f06eddcb/69884a7155a8591e59a8b645/01_29-30.jpg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=16:9 og:image:width: 1500 og:image:height: 844 og:image:alt: Hitler and Mussolini 1938 og:type: article twitter:card: summary_large_image twitter:title: Hitler and Mussolini in 1938: Color Photos of Europe's Warmongers twitter:description: Color photos of Hitler and Mussolini in 1938 raise a disconcerting question: How could two such unappealing thugs pull the world into war? twitter:image: https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blt972a9635f06eddcb/69884a7155a8591e59a8b645/01_29-30.jpg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=16:9 ---  # Hitler and Mussolini: Color Photos of Chummy Warmongers > Sponsored content. 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They are at time.com/newsletters and are separate from a paid subscription. by [Ben Cosgrove](https://time.com/author/ben-cosgrove/) ## Ben Cosgrove May 19, 2014 2:23 AM UTC  Not published in LIFE. Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini during Hitler's 1938 state visit to Italy. Not published in LIFE. Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini during Hitler's 1938 state visit to Italy.Hugo Jaeger—Time & Life Pictures/Getty Images by [Ben Cosgrove](https://time.com/author/ben-cosgrove/) ## Ben Cosgrove May 19, 2014 2:23 AM UTC On one level it’s deeply gratifying to see photographs of Adolf Hitler and [Benito Mussolini](http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/benito-mussolini) acting chummy during the run-up to the Second World War, not least because it affords us the opportunity to savor the knowledge that, when the pictures were made, these megalomaniacs were already doomed. The militaristic pomp that attended their every gesture; the almost comically grandiose accouterments (banners, pennants, flags) of their ideologies; the sleazy gangsterism of their retinues — all were slated to be wiped away in a catastrophe of their own making. [\[MORE: “A Brutal Pageantry: The Third Reich’s Myth-Making Machinery, in Color”\]](http://life.time.com/world-war-ii/nazi-propaganda-and-the-myth-of-aryan-invincibility/#1) But there’s no solace derived from the knowledge that millions of men, women and children — the majority of them noncombatants — all over the globe lost their lives during the years it took to defeat the Axis. The images in this gallery, made by Hitler’s personal photographer, [Hugo Jaeger](http://life.time.com/?s=hugo+jaeger), in May and September of 1938, are riveting not only because color photographs from that era are so rare, but because they raise a disconcerting question: namely, how could two such unappealing thugs, sharing an ideology so vicious, shallow and easily discredited, gradually pull their own nations — and, eventually, much of the world — into war? Ultimately, of course, the Axis was throttled. Its lands — Germany, Italy, Japan — were laid waste, as were significant parts of Allied countries like England, France, China and, above all, [the Soviet Union](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet%5FUnion%5Fin%5FWorld%5FWar%5FII), which alone saw more than 20,000,000 of its citizens perish. For six years, the world was at war, and Hitler and Mussolini — two largely like-minded warmongers — were early driving forces behind the cataclysm. These photos, meanwhile — initially meant to memorialize and celebrate both men — now serve instead as a kind of visual cautionary tale: _Beware those who lust after power. They are destroyers._ [\[MORE: Photos of Hitler’s bunker and the ruins of Berlin, 1945\]](http://life.time.com/history/adolf-hitler-bunker-and-the-ruins-of-berlin-1945/#1) _Ben Cosgrove is the Editor of LIFE.com_  Not published in LIFE. Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini during Hitler's 1938 state visit to Italy. Hugo Jaeger—Time & Life Pictures/Getty Images  Not published in LIFE. Benito Mussolini during Adolf Hitler's 1938 state visit to Italy. Hugo Jaeger—Time & Life Pictures/Getty Images  Not published in LIFE. Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini observe Italian Army maneuvers during Hitler's 1938 state visit to Italy. Hugo Jaeger—Time & Life Pictures/Getty Images  Not published in LIFE. High-ranking Nazi and Italian Fascist officials, including Hitler and Mussolini, at Santa Marinella, north of Rome, during Hitler's 1938 state visit to Italy. Hugo Jaeger—Time & Life Pictures/Getty Images  Not published in LIFE. High-ranking Nazi and Italian Fascist officials, including Heinrich Himmler (left) and Mussolini (back to camera), at Santa Marinella, north of Rome, during Adolf Hitler's 1938 state visit to Italy. Hugo Jaeger—Time & Life Pictures/Getty Images  Not published in LIFE. Benito Mussolini and Adolf Hitler in Munich around the time of the September 1938 Munich Conference. 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