George McGovern, the Quiet Warrior: Rare Photos From His '72 Campaign

Former U.S. Senator and 1972 presidential candidate George S. McGovern (b. 1922) died in October 2012 after being admitted to a Sioux Falls hospice six days earlier. He was 90 years old and had been in failing health "with a combination of medical conditions, due to age, that have worsened over recent months," according to a statement from his family. From the mid-1960s through the early '80s, he was one of the most prominent Democratic politicians in the United States—a proud liberal, decorated World War II veteran and tireless advocate for the poor and disenfranchised in America and around the world.

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Here, LIFE.com remembers the native South Dakotan with a series of photos by LIFE's Bill Eppridge, made on the campaign trail during the 1972 race for the presidency. Over the course of a few, heady months of that pivotal year, Americans were able to take the measure of the man to an extent that they never had before—and never would again. In November, he would lose to Richard Nixon in an historic landslide for the Republican incumbent; but during his time in the national spotlight, George McGovern articulated the progressive ideals he held dear as forcefully and as consistently as any candidate in the history of American presidential politics.

[Read Howard Chua-Eoan's McGovern obituary on TIME.com]

Bill Eppridge recently told LIFE.com that, 40 years after that '72 campaign, he recalled McGovern, the man, much more clearly than McGovern, the candidate. And he liked what he remembered.

"He was the sort of person," Eppridge said, "that you'd want to have as a next-door neighbor. Friendly. Solid. He struck me as a genuine, down-to-earth person, and that's not a quality you associate with many politicians. Not today, and not so much back then, either."

Eppridge had documented Robert Kennedy's 1968 campaign for the presidency and, famously, chronicled the violence-scarred final moments of RFK's life as he lay dying in a bus boy's arms on the floor of a Los Angeles hotel kitchen. Eppridge told LIFE.com that Bobby Kennedy's death made it difficult for him to care, for years, about politics or politicians. He had grown into a Kennedy supporter while covering the candidate in public and in private, and RFK's murder in June 1968 left him at a loss. He sought ways to get away from the rough-and-tumble, and the more unsavory aspects, of covering high-stakes politics.

"But four years later," he went on, "I was back covering a presidential race. McGovern's campaign had a positive, unhurried feel to it. It ran smoothly, and McGovern himself was an easy guy to be around. The campaign had energy, of course, but it never felt frantic . . . or mean."

Below is an admittedly incomplete, at-a-glance biography of George McGovern—a man who led an exemplary American life, filled with accolades and victories as well as profound disappointments and searing personal loss. He is, and will always be, missed.