--- title: Working Long Hours Can Raise the Risk of Diabetes description: Putting in extra hours at work is linked to a number of unhealthy consequences, and diabetes may be one of them, at least for women. canonical: https://time.com/5328627/working-long-hours-diabetes/ author: Alice Park article:opinion: false article:content_tier: free article:published_time: 2018-07-02T22:30:19.000Z article:modified_time: 2026-10-12T09:33:02.707Z article:section: Health og:title: Working Long Hours Can Raise the Risk of This Disease og:description: Women who worked more than 45 hours a week had a higher risk og:url: https://time.com/5328627/working-long-hours-diabetes/ og:site_name: TIME og:image: https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blt31baa594cf2a28fc/6988c12a86f68e310a6e41aa/time-health-stock-sleep-work-laptop.jpg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=16:9 og:image:width: 4900 og:image:height: 2756 og:image:alt: time-health-stock og:type: article twitter:card: summary_large_image twitter:title: Working Long Hours Can Raise the Risk of This Disease twitter:description: Women who worked more than 45 hours a week had a higher risk twitter:image: https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blt31baa594cf2a28fc/6988c12a86f68e310a6e41aa/time-health-stock-sleep-work-laptop.jpg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=16:9 video:duration: 01:36 video:published: 2018-07-02 section: health topics: healthy snacks, inexpensive snacks, air popped popcorn, kiwis, chickpeas, canned salmon, baby carrots, nutrition, workplace snacking, vitamins and fiber genre: explainer, listicle tones: informative, upbeat, practical, encouraging emotions: optimism (medium), reassurance (medium), enthusiasm (low) sentiment: positive audience: office workers, health-conscious consumers, budget-minded shoppers, people seeking snack ideas organizations: Real Simple, GEICO, TIME products: air popped popcorn, olive oil, kiwis, chickpeas, canned salmon, baby carrots transcript_source: automatic transcription transcript_reviewed: not applicable ---  # Working Long Hours Can Raise the Risk of This Disease > Sponsored content. 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Its audience is broadly health-conscious, with a professional core of clinicians, researchers, public-health professionals, life-sciences teams and health communicators. ### Sources * TIME Newsletters: [time.com/newsletters](/c/time-nl-health-2026q3/newsletters?i=ded40925-df18-41d4-b1f0-a523b4283dfd&cr=time-nl-health-2026q3-v1) ## Video: 5 Healthy and Inexpensive Snacks [Watch (HLS stream): 5 Healthy and Inexpensive Snacks](https://cdn.jwplayer.com/manifests/fgRsQMhW.m3u8) (1:36)  _Published 2018-07-02. 5 Healthy and Inexpensive Snacks_ Description, summary, key points, chapters, key quotes, questions and transcript, where present, were produced automatically from the video or its captions and were not reviewed. ## Summary The video presents five healthy and inexpensive snacks to keep at work instead of cookies, citing Real Simple. It covers air-popped popcorn, kiwis, chickpeas, canned salmon and baby carrots. For each snack it lists nutritional benefits such as fiber, vitamins, protein, omega-3 fatty acids and beta-carotene, along with simple preparation tips. It closes by saying these nourishing foods let you feel less guilty while snacking at work. ## Key points - Plain air popped popcorn is a whole grain snack with only 30 calories per cup, and it contains a whole kernel. (00:20) - The whole kernel in popcorn makes it more nutritious and helps reduce the risk of stroke and diabetes; adding a teaspoon of olive oil gives a heart-healthy touch. (00:24) - Kiwis are cheap and high in vitamin C, E and potassium, and also provide fiber and lutein, which protects the eyes. (00:30) - Chickpeas are low in fat, high in fiber and a great source of protein; the legumes should be rinsed and dried before eating. (00:30) - Canned salmon is a great source of omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin D, and helps reduce inflammation and lower risk of heart attack and some cancers. (00:57) - Canned salmon can be turned into a salmon patty without the bread or added calories. (01:07) - Baby carrots are an excellent source of beta-carotene and vitamin A, which promote eye health, protect against oxidation and improve the immune system. (01:16) - The video says you'll feel less guilty chewing on these nourishing foods while working. (01:26) ## Chapters - [00:00 to 00:20] Introduction: Swapping cookies for healthy snacks. The video opens with a hungry worker and the idea of stocking drawers with healthy snacks according to Real Simple. - [00:20 to 00:57] Popcorn, kiwis and chickpeas. Covers the nutritional benefits and preparation tips for air popped popcorn, kiwis and chickpeas. - [00:57 to 01:36] Canned salmon, baby carrots and wrap-up. Covers canned salmon and baby carrots, then closes with encouragement to snack on nourishing foods while working. ## Key quotes - [00:04] Narrator: "Instead of devouring an entire pack of cookies, stock your drawers with delicious food sure to save your waistline." - [00:20] Narrator: "Plain air popped popcorn is a whole grain snack that's only 30 calories per cup." - [00:57] Narrator: "Canned salmon is a great source of omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin D." - [01:27] Narrator: "You'll feel less guilty chewing on these nourishing foods." ## Questions this video answers - What are five healthy and inexpensive snacks to eat at work? [00:10] - How many calories are in a cup of plain air popped popcorn? [00:20] - What nutrients do kiwis provide? [00:30] - Why are chickpeas a good snack and how should they be prepared? [00:30] - What are the health benefits of canned salmon? [00:57] - What nutrients do baby carrots provide? [01:16]  by [Alice Park](https://time.com/author/alice-park/)  ## Alice Park Senior Correspondent Jul 2, 2018 10:30 PM UTC An Oxford University researcher says forcing ourselves to work before 10 a.m. doesn't line up with our bodies' circadian rhythms.  by [Alice Park](https://time.com/author/alice-park/)  ## Alice Park Senior Correspondent Jul 2, 2018 10:30 PM UTC Working long hours can have [detrimental effects on health](http://time.com/4972787/death-overwork-japan-heart-stress/) — from increased stress to higher rates of certain chronic diseases. Now, in the latest study exploring the effect of extended work hours, researchers say that [type 2 diabetes](http://time.com/time-health-type-2-diabetes/) may be one of them. Mahee Gilbert-Ouimet, an epidemiologist and postdoctoral fellow at the Institute for Work and Health in Toronto, and her colleagues analyzed data from a database of more than 7,000 workers in Canada who were followed for more than 12 years to better understand whether work hours can affect the risk of diabetes. In the [study, published in _BMJ Diabetes Research & Care_](http://drc.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmjdrc-2017-000496), they report that women working more than 45 hours a week had a 51% higher risk of developing diabetes during the study period compared to women working 35 to 40 hours a week. (That was after the scientists adjusted for other potential factors that could affect diabetes risk, including physical activity, BMI and smoking.) They did not see the same effect in men; in fact, men working longer hours seemed to have a lower risk of developing diabetes compared to men working fewer hours. “I was surprised to see the somewhat protective effect of longer working hours among men,” says Gilbert-Ouimet. “Among women, we know women tend to assume a lot of family chores and responsibilities outside the workplace, so one can assume that working long hours on top of that can have an adverse effect on health.” They found, for example, that the effect of longer working hours was stronger among women logging more than 45 hours a week at work who were living with children under age 12. Another potential reason for the gender difference may have to do with the type of work men reported; in the study, about a third of the men working long hours said they spent that time doing a combination of sitting, standing and walking, compared to only 8% of the women who worked longer hours. The men’s higher level of physical activity may help to explain, in part, their lower risk of developing diabetes. **MORE**: [You Don’t Have to Work Overtime to Impress Your Boss](http://time.com/4985896/you-dont-have-to-work-overtime-to-impress-your-boss/) The results add to the growing understanding of how work hours affect health, and especially diabetes. Previous studies found, as this one did, that people working longer hours seemed to have a higher risk of developing diabetes compared to those working fewer hours, but only among people with lower socioeconomic status. Most of the studies also included only men and not women. Gilbert-Ouimet and her team did not find a similar breakdown of risk by skill level, but she notes that there were few cases of diabetes among those with lower skilled jobs, and therefore their study may not have had the statistical power to pick up a valid trend. The fact that long work hours may be connected to diabetes isn’t entirely surprising. People who work more than 40 hours a week may experience higher levels of stress, which can change hormones like cortisol. Changes in cortisol can affect the body’s insulin levels and its ability to break down sugar. Higher stress can also disrupt sleep and lead to poorer mental health, which in turn can contribute to changes in weight and insulin levels, and contribute to diabetes. **MORE**: [This Japanese Firm Wants to Use Drones to Force Overtime Employees to Go Home](http://www.thedrive.com/aerial/16812/this-japanese-firm-wants-to-use-drones-to-force-overtime-employees-to-go-home) Gilbert-Ouimet hopes that the results stimulate conversations among doctors and their patients about the role that long work hours can play in compromising health — especially among women who might already have other risk factors for developing diabetes. “I think physicians should ask the question of how many hours a week their patients work,” she says. “And if women also have risk factors, then they should discuss more followup visits or screening tests for diabetes.” She also says that given the new normal in which smartphones keep everyone tethered to work, “it’s a nice wake-up call to know what long hours can do to your body and to your health, and maybe force yourself to do a bit less and take care of yourself more.” ```json [{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","@id":"https://time.com/5328627/working-long-hours-diabetes/","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://time.com/5328627/working-long-hours-diabetes/"},"headline":"Working Long Hours Can Raise the Risk of This Disease","datePublished":"2018-07-02T22:30:19.000Z","dateModified":"2026-10-12T09:33:02.707Z","description":"Women who worked more than 45 hours a week had a higher risk","url":"https://time.com/5328627/working-long-hours-diabetes/","keywords":["diabetes","healthytime"],"thumbnailUrl":"https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blt31baa594cf2a28fc/6988c12a86f68e310a6e41aa/time-health-stock-sleep-work-laptop.jpg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=1200:675&height=675","author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Alice Park","jobTitle":"Senior Correspondent","url":"https://time.com/author/alice-park/"}],"articleSection":"Health","image":[{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blt31baa594cf2a28fc/6988c12a86f68e310a6e41aa/time-health-stock-sleep-work-laptop.jpg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=1200:675&height=675","width":1200,"height":675,"headline":"time-health-stock","caption":"Teenage girl (16-17) lying on table with laptop, rear view TIME health stock","creditText":"Getty Images","representativeOfPage":true}],"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Time","url":"https://time.com/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://time.com/images/logo.png","width":528,"height":156},"foundingDate":"March 3, 1923","sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/time","https://www.instagram.com/time/?hl=en","https://twitter.com/time","https://www.pinterest.com/timemagazine"]}},{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https://time.com/section/health/","name":"Health"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https://time.com/tag/diabetes/","name":"diabetes"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"item":{"@id":"https://time.com/5328627/working-long-hours-diabetes/","name":"Working Long Hours Can Raise the Risk of This Disease"}}]},{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"VideoObject","name":"Sleep Expert Says Typical Work Day Is 'Torture'","description":"An Oxford University researcher says forcing ourselves to work before 10 a.m. doesn't line up with our bodies' circadian rhythms.","thumbnailUrl":"https://cdn.jwplayer.com/v2/media/s12Tl0P7/poster.jpg?width=720","uploadDate":"2015-09-09T14:29:48.000Z","contentUrl":"https://cdn.jwplayer.com/manifests/s12Tl0P7.m3u8","embedUrl":"https://time.com/5328627/working-long-hours-diabetes/","duration":"PT1M18S","potentialAction":{"@type":"SeekToAction","target":"https://time.com/5328627/working-long-hours-diabetes/?jw_start={seek_to_second_number}","startOffset-input":"required name=seek_to_second_number"}},{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"VideoObject","name":"5 Healthy and Inexpensive Snacks","description":"5 Healthy and Inexpensive Snacks","thumbnailUrl":"https://cdn.jwplayer.com/v2/media/fgRsQMhW/poster.jpg?width=720","uploadDate":"2018-07-02T14:25:48.000Z","contentUrl":"https://cdn.jwplayer.com/manifests/fgRsQMhW.m3u8","embedUrl":"https://time.com/5328627/working-long-hours-diabetes/","duration":"PT1M36S","potentialAction":{"@type":"SeekToAction","target":"https://time.com/5328627/working-long-hours-diabetes/?jw_start={seek_to_second_number}","startOffset-input":"required name=seek_to_second_number"}}] ```