--- description: Women have to perform for expectations that undermine their public ambitions title: How Ted Cruz, Bernie Sanders and Others Play Gender Cards image: https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/bltde093bcdab65f2d0/6988d9b9bc6cfc69913e2a3c/time-logo.jpg?branch=production --- * [Ideas](/section/ideas/) ## Ideas Update your preferences in [Account Settings](/account/preferences/) Close * [politics](/tag/politics/) ## politics Update your preferences in [Account Settings](/account/preferences/) Close # How Ted Cruz, Bernie Sanders and Other Men Play the Gender Card ## Video: Watch Donald Trump Lose [Watch (HLS stream): Watch Donald Trump Lose](https://cdn.jwplayer.com/manifests/yI3kIumt.m3u8) (1:28)  _Published 2016-02-02. What It’s Like for Donald Trump to Lose Iowa_ by [Soraya Chemaly](/author/soraya-chemaly/) ## Soraya Chemaly Update your preferences in [Account Settings](/account/preferences/) Close Feb 3, 2016 10:05 PM CUT by [Soraya Chemaly](/author/soraya-chemaly/) ## Soraya Chemaly Update your preferences in [Account Settings](/account/preferences/) Close Feb 3, 2016 10:05 PM CUT This morning, MSNBC aired a segment in which Hillary Clinton’s voice, once again, was the [topic](http://nymag.com/thecut/2016/02/wapo-editor-hillary-clinton-shouts-too-much.html "undefined") of criticism. “She shouts,” said Bob Woodward. And yet, nobody talked about the loud voices, shouting, podium-slamming, deranged expressions and bombastic anger of the male candidates — all of them. Some of those men are, in fact, playing the gender card. But Google “gender card” and the results look like this: “[Clinton Plays the Gender Card](http://www.usnews.com/news/the-report/articles/2015/10/23/hillary-clinton-plays-the-gender-card "undefined"),” “[Why Playing the ‘Gender Card’ Really Could Be Enough for Hillary Clinton](http://fortune.com/2015/12/21/carly-fiorina-republican-debate-gender-card/ "undefined"),” “[Carly’s Not Playing the Gender Card](http://thefederalist.com/2015/09/23/carlys-not-playing-the-gender-card/ "undefined"),” or, conversely, “[It’s Time for Carly Fiorina to Stop Playing the Gender Card](http://fortune.com/2015/12/21/carly-fiorina-republican-debate-gender-card/ "undefined").” If there is a reference to male candidates playing the gender card, it’s buried. In a race that has at times included 20 men and only two women, for an office never occupied by a woman, maleness the standard. We aren’t thinking about their gender in relative terms. But every time a male politician takes a debate pee break, when he [takes a pass on](http://www.sacbee.com/news/politics-government/election/presidential-election/h7ivco/picture30033999/ALTERNATES/FREE%5F640/GOP%202016%20Fox%20Primary "undefined") [make-up](https://www.google.com/search?q=women+presidential+candidates&espv=2&biw=1214&bih=617&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwir8qezxNfKAhVIlx4KHSD9BDQQ%5FAUIBygC "undefined"), or walks around [Spanx-free](http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/spanx-flow-chart%5Fus%5F56aa1c46e4b0d82286d4feac?cps=gravity%5F5030%5F-7539944357076788734 "undefined"), he’s playing a gender card. When he maximizes airtime to convey serious ideas to a national audience instead of having to bite his tongue and smile politely while answering ridiculous [questions](http://americablog.com/2015/09/donald-trump-carly-fiorina-is-too-ugly-to-be-president.html "undefined") about flower arranging — gender card. When he [raises](http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/hillary-clinton-gun-control%5Fus%5F562a53fee4b0ec0a38942fd1 "undefined") his deeper, more “serious” voices — another. Gender cards fly when male politicians flaunt [totemic symbols of male power](https://www.google.com/search?q=candidates+holding+guns&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjNxoHiztfKAhWKQSYKHa%5F7DJ4Q%5FAUIBygB&biw=1174&bih=597 "undefined"), affirming entitlement to strength, authority and paternalistic care. If a male politician [curses](https://www.academia.edu/2962962/Profanity%5Fand%5FGender%5Fa%5Fdiachronic%5Fanalysis%5Fof%5Fmens%5Fand%5Fwomens%5Fuse%5Fand%5Fperception%5Fof%5Fswear%5Fwords "undefined"), more [power](https://www.google.com/search?q=huckabee+swearing&oq=huckabee+swearing&aqs=chrome..69i57j69i60.3775j0j9&sourceid=chrome&es%5Fsm=91&ie=UTF-8 "undefined") to him. It’s a gender card that men’s bodies are not publicly debated, subject to review, regulation and casual [disgust](https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-politics/wp/2015/12/21/donald-trump-calls-hillary-clinton-disgusting-for-using-the-restroom-during-a-debate/ "undefined"). If male politicians discuss reproductive rights, as they are wont to do, it almost always means references to women and their bodies, not men’s and men’s bodies. It’s a gender card that male politicians don’t have to waste time and money and psychic resources on what messages their [names](https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2015/11/19/the-fascinating-history-of-when-hillary-clinton-has-chosen-to-use-her-maiden-name/ "undefined") send. It’s a gender card when no one suggests men use sex to become successful. _Read next:_ [_Why You Should Take Your Personal Life As Seriously As Your Career_](http://motto.time.com/4190933/maggie-murphy-personal-career-life/ "undefined") The real ace in the hole though is when male politicians leverage their and voters’ anger. The GOP is running on a “vengeance is mine” platform, while Bernie Sanders is an expert at knowing when and how to use [anger ](https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2016/01/26/what-bernie-sanders-and-donald-trump-have-in-common-theyre-angry-and-proud-of-it/?tid=a%5Finl "undefined") for political gain. Anger is _a_ [ _manly thing_](http://time.com/4089074/angry-men-women/ "undefined"). It’s the trump card in this cycle and a gendered competitive advantage, given the finite ways that women have to tiptoe around without expressing righteous ire, impatience, frustration, irritation, or caustic humor, [especially](http://www.buzzfeed.com/hudahassan/the-twilight-of-the-angry-black-woman "undefined") if they are black. Anger in a man doesn’t make the world wonder out loud if his hormones have taken over his brain and rendered him an incoherent idiot who can’t be trusted with Important Things. How many words for “angry” men are there? Ones that have the powerful and controlling cultural resonance of _yelling_, and _shouting_, _b-tch_, _nag_? Or, yep, [_shrill_](http://time.com/4206660/hillary-clinton-sexism-shrill-yelling/ "undefined"). It takes time, effort and will for women to calibrate themselves constantly to gender roles that undermine their public ambitions. It’s difficult for a woman politician to be authentic, or, as Woodward put it today, to be “comfortable” with herself when she is actually an affront to people’s gender expectations. On the other hand, men intrinsically, “naturally,” confirm and exploit those expectations. These ideas are firmly and destructively established in childhood. A recent [study](http://www.rosadoc.be/digidocs/dd-000875%5F2015%5FLeaningOut%5FTeenGirls%5FLeadershipBiases%5FMCC.pdf "undefined") of teen attitudes conducted by Harvard’s Graduate School of Education, found that the high school students most likely to be elected to student government are white boys. The least likely to be trusted to lead? White girls, who were also the least likely to support one another. Young girls of color, more alienated from the vicarious access to power that white girls enjoy, are more confident, politically efficacious, and trusted as leaders. Illustrating the relationship between bias, power and gender doesn’t paint women as victims. It’s simply describing the way social norms work to reproduce systemic inequities. But in order to effect change in that system, we have to admire and laud women for agency, ambition and aggressiveness, and, yes, loudness, which remains difficult for many people. It’s true that women in powerful positions are more visible today than ever before, signaling a real social change in acceptance for women with public authority, particularly in [progressive spaces](http://scholarship.richmond.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1111&context=jepson-faculty-publications "undefined"). It’s simultaneously true, however, that gender stereotypes result in women still facing significant obstacles to recognition of their leadership. The occasional reference by a woman candidate to her sex hardly counts as an overturning of this reality. Male presidential candidates don’t have to be [overtly sexist](http://time.com/4198737/donald-trump-megyn-kelly-sexism/ "undefined") to benefit from systemic misogyny. But if they are genuine about equality and women’s rights, they should acknowledge that they do. ```json [{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"OpinionNewsArticle","@id":"https://time.com/4207026/hillary-clinton-ted-cruz-bernie-sanders-gender-card/","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://time.com/4207026/hillary-clinton-ted-cruz-bernie-sanders-gender-card/"},"headline":"How Ted Cruz, Bernie Sanders and Other Men Play the Gender Card","datePublished":"2016-02-03T22:05:03.000Z","dateModified":"2026-02-22T14:44:36.940Z","description":"Women have to perform for expectations that undermine their public ambitions","url":"https://time.com/4207026/hillary-clinton-ted-cruz-bernie-sanders-gender-card/","keywords":["politics","Hillary Clinton","women","2016 Election topic"],"thumbnailUrl":"","author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Soraya Chemaly","jobTitle":null,"url":"https://time.com/author/soraya-chemaly/"}],"articleSection":"Ideas","image":[],"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Time","url":"https://time.com/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://time.com/images/logo.png","width":528,"height":156},"foundingDate":"March 3, 1923","sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/time","https://www.instagram.com/time/?hl=en","https://twitter.com/time","https://www.pinterest.com/timemagazine"]}},{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"/section/ideas/","name":"Ideas"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"/tag/politics/","name":"politics"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"item":{"@id":"https://time.com/4207026/hillary-clinton-ted-cruz-bernie-sanders-gender-card/","name":"How Ted Cruz, Bernie Sanders and Other Men Play the Gender Card"}}]},{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"VideoObject","name":"Watch Donald Trump Lose","description":"What It’s Like for Donald Trump to Lose Iowa","thumbnailUrl":"https://cdn.jwplayer.com/v2/media/yI3kIumt/poster.jpg?width=720","uploadDate":"2016-02-02T06:59:59.000Z","contentUrl":"https://cdn.jwplayer.com/manifests/yI3kIumt.m3u8","embedUrl":"https://time.com/4207026/hillary-clinton-ted-cruz-bernie-sanders-gender-card/","duration":"PT1M28S","potentialAction":{"@type":"SeekToAction","target":"https://time.com/4207026/hillary-clinton-ted-cruz-bernie-sanders-gender-card/?jw_start={seek_to_second_number}","startOffset-input":"required name=seek_to_second_number"}}] ```