--- title: Penguins No Longer Have Strong Ability to Taste description: Penguins have lost three of the five most common tastes—sweet, bitter and savory/umami—according to a new study. canonical: https://time.com/3711846/penguins-taste/ author: Alexandra Sifferlin article:opinion: false article:content_tier: free article:published_time: 2015-02-17T15:54:46.000Z article:modified_time: 2026-02-22T04:28:32.655Z article:section: Science og:title: Penguins No Longer Have Strong Ability to Taste og:description: Penguins have lost three of the five most common tastes—sweet, bitter and savory/umami—according to a new study. og:url: https://time.com/3711846/penguins-taste/ og:site_name: TIME og:image: https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blt43967f755458e2cc/69877f952dce01d0839dd955/143419918-copy.jpg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=16:9 og:image:width: 5100 og:image:height: 2869 og:image:alt: 143419918 og:type: article twitter:card: summary_large_image twitter:title: Penguins No Longer Have Strong Ability to Taste twitter:description: Penguins have lost three of the five most common tastes—sweet, bitter and savory/umami—according to a new study. twitter:image: https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blt43967f755458e2cc/69877f952dce01d0839dd955/143419918-copy.jpg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=16:9 ---  # Penguins No Longer Have a Strong Ability to Taste > Sponsored content. 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Future Proof is free at time.com/newsletters. by [Alexandra Sifferlin](https://time.com/author/alexandra-sifferlin/) ## Alexandra Sifferlin Feb 17, 2015 3:54 PM UTC  Gentoo Penguin portrait Gentoo Penguin portrait Getty Images by [Alexandra Sifferlin](https://time.com/author/alexandra-sifferlin/) ## Alexandra Sifferlin Feb 17, 2015 3:54 PM UTC Penguins no longer taste their food the way most of the animal kingdom does, [according to a new study](http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960982215000573). According to the researchers, vertebrates usually have five tastes: sweet, sour, salty, bitter and umami. But after studying the genetic sequencing of Adelie and emperor penguins, analyzing penguin tissue, and comparing the birds genomes to 14 other non-penguin bird species, the researchers discovered that penguins have lost all but the salty and sour tastes. “Penguins eat fish, so you would guess that they need the umami receptor genes, but for some reason they don’t have them,” said study author Jianzhi Zhang, a professor at the University of Michigan Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology [in a statement](http://ns.umich.edu/new/releases/22679-sweet-bitter-savory-penguins-lack-three-of-the-five-basic-tastes). “These findings are surprising and puzzling, and we do not have a good explanation for them. But we have a few ideas.” The researchers believe that perhaps over 20 million years ago, the freezing climates of the arctic somehow interfered with the penguins’ ability to taste. The researchers of the new study, published in the journal _Current Biology_, were tipped off to the lack of taste among penguins when they were contacted by a genomics institute in China called BGI which had originally sequenced the genomes of the Adelie and emperor penguins and couldn’t find their taste genes. The researchers there asked the University of Michigan researchers to take a second look to see if what they found was true. 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