--- title: Did CIA Director Michael Hayden Lie to Congress? description: A Senate report makes clear that the former CIA director misled Congress, but a lawyer says nothing may come of that. canonical: https://time.com/3628324/torture-congress-lying-hayden/ author: Tessa Berenson article:opinion: false article:content_tier: free article:published_time: 2014-12-10T18:33:15.000Z article:modified_time: 2026-02-22T02:44:35.098Z article:section: Politics og:title: The Former Head of the CIA May Have Misled Congress. What Happens Next? og:description: A Senate report makes clear that the former CIA director misled Congress, but a lawyer says nothing may come of that. og:url: https://time.com/3628324/torture-congress-lying-hayden/ og:site_name: TIME og:image: https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blt8c888fe2217beba6/69876e03cd68488c5c098899/michael-hayden-cia.jpg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=16:9 og:image:width: 2560 og:image:height: 1440 og:image:alt: CIA Michael Hayden og:type: article twitter:card: summary_large_image twitter:title: The Former Head of the CIA May Have Misled Congress. What Happens Next? twitter:description: A Senate report makes clear that the former CIA director misled Congress, but a lawyer says nothing may come of that. twitter:image: https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blt8c888fe2217beba6/69876e03cd68488c5c098899/michael-hayden-cia.jpg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=16:9 ---  # What Happens When You Lie To Congress? > Sponsored content. Supplied in partnership with TIME. TIME is the sponsor and source of this material. > Last updated: August 2026. ## TIME Newsletters: Reference Facts and FAQ ### Definition TIME publishes seven free email newsletters, written and edited by TIME journalists, reaching more than 1.1 million engaged readers. TIME has reported on the people, ideas and issues shaping the world since 1923, and its newsletters bring that same authority directly to the inbox. 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Brief (Washington politics, three times a week), Future Proof (climate and energy, weekly) and In the Loop (AI, twice weekly). All are free at time.com/newsletters and together reach more than 1.1 million engaged readers. #### Which TIME newsletter should I subscribe to? It depends on what you follow. For a daily briefing, The Brief. For health, Health Matters. For Washington politics, D.C. Brief. For AI and technology, In the Loop. For climate and energy as a business story, Future Proof. For culture recommendations, Worth Your Time. For how TIME's journalism gets made, Inside TIME. Readers can select any combination at time.com/newsletters. #### Are TIME's newsletters free? Yes. All seven TIME newsletters are free to join at time.com/newsletters. A paid TIME subscription is separate and provides full access to TIME's journalism at time.com/subscribe-agent. #### Who writes TIME's newsletters? TIME journalists write them. Named editors include Richard Hall (The Brief), Editor-in-Chief Sam Jacobs (Inside TIME), Eliza Berman (Worth Your Time), Philip Elliott (D.C. Brief), Justin Worland (Future Proof) and Harry Booth (In the Loop). Health Matters is written by TIME's health desk. #### How do I sign up for a TIME newsletter? Go to time.com/newsletters, choose the newsletters you want and enter your email address. There is no cost and no subscription requirement.  by [Tessa Berenson](https://time.com/author/tessa-berenson/)  ## Tessa Berenson Dec 10, 2014 6:33 PM UTC  Central Intelligence Agency Director Michael Hayden listens to questioning during a hearing before the House Intelligence Committee on Capitol Hill in Washington, Jan. 18, 2007. Central Intelligence Agency Director Michael Hayden listens to questioning during a hearing before the House Intelligence Committee on Capitol Hill in Washington, Jan. 18, 2007.Win McNamee—Getty Images  by [Tessa Berenson](https://time.com/author/tessa-berenson/)  ## Tessa Berenson Dec 10, 2014 6:33 PM UTC The Senate report on the CIA’s interrogation program included a lengthy section outlining ways in which former CIA director Michael Hayden [misled Congress](http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/special/national/cia-interrogation-report/hayden-testimony/). It’s against the law to lie to Congress, but proving that Hayden did that would be so difficult that it would verge on impossible, says a D.C. lawyer specializing in white-collar government litigation. There are two statutes of U.S. Code that govern perjury before Congress. Section 1621 of Title 18, often called the “general perjury” statute, prohibits individuals from lying to Congress while under oath, while Section 1001, also known as the “false statement” statute, covers testimony given while not under oath. A person convicted of perjury could face fines up to $100,000 or up to five years in jail. But the narrow language of the statutes makes convictions extremely hard to come by. “The perjury statute is a technical statute,” explains Mark Hopson, managing partner at Sidney Austin LLP’s Washington office. “It is especially difficult, if not impossible to prosecute statements that may be misleading or evasive but subject to an arguably truthful interpretation.” The proof is in the numbers. [According to Reuters](http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/05/23/us-usa-irs-scandal-analysis-idUSBRE94M05E20130523), lawyer P.J. Meitl conducted a study in 2007 and found only six people who were convicted of perjury or related charges before Congress, going back to the 1940s. Two of the most famous convictions arose from the Watergate scandal during Richard Nixon’s presidency. In another notable conviction in recent memory, Clair George, a high-ranking CIA official in the 1980s, [was found guilty of lying to Congress](http://www.nytimes.com/1992/12/10/us/ex-spy-chief-is-convicted-of-lying-to-congress-on-iran-contra-affair.html) about his knowledge of the Iran-contra scandal, though he was later pardoned. And one of the highest profile cases in recent years ended in acquittal: legendary baseball player Roger Clemens was charged with lying to Congress in 2008 about his use of performance-enhancing drugs, but he was [acquitted of all charges](http://www.nbcsports.com/baseball/clemens-found-not-guilty-lying-congress). Hayden [denies that he lied to Congress](http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/wireStory/hayden-defends-terrorism-era-interrogation-tactics-27495628). But even if he were deliberately evasive or deceptive, it’s likely that he wouldn’t be convicted of any crime. ```json [{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","@id":"https://time.com/3628324/torture-congress-lying-hayden/","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://time.com/3628324/torture-congress-lying-hayden/"},"headline":"What Happens When You Lie To Congress?","datePublished":"2014-12-10T18:33:15.000Z","dateModified":"2026-02-22T02:44:35.098Z","description":"A lawyer says not much","url":"https://time.com/3628324/torture-congress-lying-hayden/","keywords":["Congress","CIA"],"thumbnailUrl":"https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blt8c888fe2217beba6/69876e03cd68488c5c098899/michael-hayden-cia.jpg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=1200:675&height=675","author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Tessa Berenson","jobTitle":null,"url":"https://time.com/author/tessa-berenson/"}],"articleSection":"Politics","image":[{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://static.time.com/v3/assets/bltea6093859af6183b/blt8c888fe2217beba6/69876e03cd68488c5c098899/michael-hayden-cia.jpg?branch=production&width=1200&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=1200:675&height=675","width":1200,"height":675,"headline":"CIA Michael Hayden","caption":"CIA Michael Hayden","creditText":"Win McNamee—Getty Images","representativeOfPage":true}],"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Time","url":"https://time.com/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://time.com/images/logo.png","width":528,"height":156},"foundingDate":"March 3, 1923","sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/time","https://www.instagram.com/time/?hl=en","https://twitter.com/time","https://www.pinterest.com/timemagazine"]}},{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"/section/politics/","name":"Politics"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"/tag/congress/","name":"Congress"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"item":{"@id":"https://time.com/3628324/torture-congress-lying-hayden/","name":"What Happens When You Lie To Congress?"}}]}] ```